Radiological evaluation of coronal femoral and tibial morphology and coronal limb alignment in windswept deformity of the knee

Windswept deformity (WSD) of the knee, involving valgus deformity in one knee and varus deformity in the other, is uncommon and not well understood. This study aimed to clarify the radiological characteristics of WSD patients with osteoarthritis. WSD knees with Kellgren–Lawrence stage 3 or 4 osteoar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Joint Surgery and Research 2025-03, Vol.3 (1), p.48-52
Main Authors: Koyama, Tomoki, Sugita, Takehiko, Sasaki, Akira, Harada, Kento, Tanaka, Hidetatsu, Aki, Takashi, Miyatake, Naohisa, Miyamoto, Seiya, Maeda, Ikuo, Kamimura, Masayuki, Aizawa, Toshimi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Coronal alignment
Coronal morphology
Etiology
Knee
Osteoarthritis
Windswept deformity
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Summary:Windswept deformity (WSD) of the knee, involving valgus deformity in one knee and varus deformity in the other, is uncommon and not well understood. This study aimed to clarify the radiological characteristics of WSD patients with osteoarthritis. WSD knees with Kellgren–Lawrence stage 3 or 4 osteoarthritis in 36 patients were radiologically evaluated. Mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), arithmetic hip–knee–ankle (aHKA) angle, and joint line obliquity were measured. Comparisons in radiological measurements were made with 47 patients with bilateral valgus and 135 patients with bilateral varus knee osteoarthritis (control groups). Among WSD patients, 75% had valgus deformity in the right knee, while 25% had it in the left knee. The mLDFA in valgus WSD knees was significantly lower than that in varus WSD knees (85.1 ​± ​2.2° vs. 87.3 ​± ​2.3°; p 
ISSN:2949-7051
2949-7051
DOI:10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.01.001