Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems by Novel Integrated Membrane Distillation (MD)

The scarcity of freshwater has been recognized as one of the main challenges people must overcome in the 21st century. The adoption of an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and energy-efficient membrane distillation (MD) process can mitigate the pollution caused by industrial and domestic was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ChemEngineering 2019-03, Vol.3 (1), p.8
Main Authors: Biniaz, Parisa, Torabi Ardekani, Niloofar, Makarem, Mohammad, Rahimpour, Mohammad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Chemical engineering
Distillation
Distilled water
Efficiency
Fluorides
fouling renewable heat sources
Heat
Heat sources
Household wastes
Investigations
Liquid-vapor equilibrium
membrane configuration
membrane distillation
Membrane separation
Membranes
Pore size
Salinity
State-of-the-art reviews
Wastewater treatment
Water treatment
Wetting
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Summary:The scarcity of freshwater has been recognized as one of the main challenges people must overcome in the 21st century. The adoption of an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and energy-efficient membrane distillation (MD) process can mitigate the pollution caused by industrial and domestic wastes. MD is a thermally driven process based on vapor–liquid equilibrium, in which the separation process takes place throughout a microporous hydrophobic membrane. The present paper offers a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art MD technology covering the MD applications in wastewater treatment. In addition, the important and sophisticated recent advances in MD technology from the perspectives of membrane characteristics and preparation, membrane configurations, membrane wetting, fouling, and renewable heat sources have been presented and discussed.
ISSN:2305-7084
2305-7084
DOI:10.3390/chemengineering3010008