Gaussian mixture models for the optimal sparse sampling of offshore wind resource

Wind resource assessment is a crucial step for the development of offshore wind energy. It relies on the installation of measurement devices, whose placement is an open challenge for developers. Indeed, the optimal sensor placement for field reconstruction is an open challenge in the field of sparse...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wind Energy Science 2023-05, Vol.8 (5), p.771-786
Main Authors: Marcille, Robin, Thiébaut, Maxime, Tandeo, Pierre, Jean-François Filipot
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Applications
Convex analysis
Decomposition
Earth Sciences
Energy industry
Mathematics
Meteorology
Methods
Offshore
Optimization
Optimization and Control
Sampling
Sciences of the Universe
Sensors
Simulation
Statistics
Weather forecasting
Wind farms
Wind power
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Summary:Wind resource assessment is a crucial step for the development of offshore wind energy. It relies on the installation of measurement devices, whose placement is an open challenge for developers. Indeed, the optimal sensor placement for field reconstruction is an open challenge in the field of sparse sampling. As for the application to offshore wind field reconstruction, no similar study was found, and standard strategies are based on semi-empirical choices. In this paper, a sparse sampling method using a Gaussian mixture model on numerical weather prediction data is developed for offshore wind reconstruction. It is applied to France's main offshore wind energy development areas: Normandy, southern Brittany and the Mediterranean Sea. The study is based on 3 years of Météo-France AROME's data, available through the MeteoNet data set. Using a Gaussian mixture model for data clustering, it leads to optimal sensor locations with regards to wind field reconstruction error. The proposed workflow is described and compared to state-of-the-art methods for sparse sampling. It constitutes a robust yet simple method for the definition of optimal sensor siting for offshore wind field reconstruction. The described method applied to the study area output sensor arrays of respectively seven, four and four sensors for Normandy, southern Brittany and the Mediterranean Sea. Those sensor arrays perform approximately 20 % better than the median Monte Carlo case and more than 30 % better than state-of-the-art methods with regards to wind field reconstruction error.
ISSN:2366-7443
2366-7451
DOI:10.5194/wes-8-771-2023