Membrane vectorial lipidomic features of coral host cells’ plasma membrane and lipid profiles of their endosymbionts Cladocopium

• Published in: Communications biology 2024-07, Vol.7 (1), p.878-13, Article 878
• Main Authors: Sikorskaya, Tatyana V., Ermolenko, Ekaterina V., Ginanova, Taliya T., Boroda, Andrey V., Efimova, Kseniya V., Bogdanov, Mikhail
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 101/58; 13/31; 14/28; 631/45/608; 631/57/2271; Acropora aspera; Animals; Anthozoa - metabolism; Anthozoa - microbiology; Anthozoa - physiology; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Cell Membrane - metabolism; Cladocopium; Corals; Dinoflagellata; Dinoflagellates; Dinoflagellida - metabolism; Dinoflagellida - physiology; Endosymbionts; Geographical distribution; Life Sciences; Lipidomics; Lipids; Membrane Lipids - metabolism; Microorganisms; Phosphatidylethanolamine; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Sinularia; Symbionts; Symbiosis
• ISSN: 2399-3642; 2399-3642
• DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06578-8

The symbiotic relationships between coral animal host and autotrophic dinoflagellates are based on the mutual exchange and tight control of nutritional inputs supporting successful growth. The corals Sinularia heterospiculata and Acropora aspera were cultivated using a flow-through circulation system supplying seawater during cold and warm seasons of the year, then sorted into host cells and symbionts and subjected to phylogenetic, morphological, and advanced lipid analyses. Here we show, that the lipidomes of the dinoflagellates Cladocopium C1/C3 and acroporide-specific Cladocopium hosted by the corals, are determined by lipidomic features of different thermosensitivity and unique betaine- and phospholipid molecular species. Phosphatidylserines and ceramiaminoethylphosphonates are not detected in the symbionts and predominantly localized on the inner leaflet of the S. heterospiculata host plasma membrane. The transmembrane distribution of phosphatidylethanolamines of S. heterospiculata host changes during different seasons of the year, possibly contributing to mutualistic nutritional exchange across this membrane complex to provide the host with a secure adaptive mechanism and ecological benefits. An advanced lipidomic study of corals Sinularia heterospiculata and Acropora aspera showed that plasma membrane of host cells has unique vectorial lipidomic features and compositionally distinct lipid profile from their endosymbiotic dinoflagellates.