Analysis of Ilmenite Slag Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

The feasibility of using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the compositional analysis of ilmenite slag was explored. The slag was obtained from a pilot-scale ilmenite smelting furnace. The composition of major oxides TiO2, FeO, and MgO are determined by the calibrated LIBS method. LIBS...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Minerals (Basel) 2020-10, Vol.10 (10), p.855
Main Authors: Gupta, Avishek Kumar, Aula, Matti, Negre, Erwan, Viljanen, Jan, Pauna, Henri, Mäkelä, Pasi, Toivonen, Juha, Huttula, Marko, Fabritius, Timo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ablation
Accuracy
Analytical methods
Calibration
Cameras
Composition
Feasibility studies
ICP-OES
Ilmenite
Inductively coupled plasma
Investigations
Iron
Laboratories
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Lasers
LIBS
Magnesium
Magnesium oxide
Measurement techniques
Metallurgy
Neodymium lasers
Oxides
Plasma
plasma characterization
Qualitative analysis
Quantitative analysis
Root-mean-square errors
Semiconductor lasers
Slag
slag composition
Smelting furnaces
Spectroscopy
Statistical methods
Steel products
Surface analysis (chemical)
Temperature
Titanium
Titanium dioxide
YAG lasers
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Summary:The feasibility of using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the compositional analysis of ilmenite slag was explored. The slag was obtained from a pilot-scale ilmenite smelting furnace. The composition of major oxides TiO2, FeO, and MgO are determined by the calibrated LIBS method. LIBS measurements are done under normal atmosphere and temperature. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at 355 nm was used to create a plasma on an ilmenite slag sample. The characteristic lines based on the NIST database of Fe, Mg, and Ti can be identified on the normalized LIBS spectra for the slag samples. The spectral range chosen for the study is 370 to 390 nm. Calibration curves were plotted using the data collected from various industrial ilmenite samples of varying compositions of TiO2, FeO, and MgO. The univariate simple linear regression technique was used to do the analysis and the prediction accuracy was checked by the root mean square error (RMSE). To validate the application of LIBS, both qualitative and quantitative analysis is done and compared to the analytical ICP-OES results. The model predicts the magnesium content with the highest accuracy and gives good prediction for iron and titanium content. This study demonstrates the capability of using LIBS for the surface analysis of the ilmenite slag sample.
ISSN:2075-163X
2075-163X
DOI:10.3390/min10100855