Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of sunscreens and their effects on mice liver and kidney enzyme function

Sunscreens are one of the most widely used products among cosmetics and personal care products. Recent studies have shown that some of sunscreen formulations may contain toxic, carcinogenic, or even nonallowed chemicals that may affect skin, cells, and hormones. This study aimed to develop and valid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 2019-01, Vol.12, p.11-21
Main Authors: Al-Eitan, Laith N, Aljamal, Hanan A, Alkhatib, Rami Q
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alanine Aminotransferase
Aminotransferase
Aspartate
Chemical filters
Chromatography
Cosmetics
Cosmetics industry
Counterfeit Products
Counterfeiting
Dermatologic agents
Dermatology
Drugstores
Enzymes
Formulae, receipts, prescriptions
GC-MS
Laboratory animals
Liver
Mass spectrometry
Original Research
Personal grooming
Pharmacy
Product counterfeiting
Radiation
Skin
Sunscreen
Thyroid gland
Toiletries
Toiletries industry
Toxicology
Urea
Zinc oxides
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Summary:Sunscreens are one of the most widely used products among cosmetics and personal care products. Recent studies have shown that some of sunscreen formulations may contain toxic, carcinogenic, or even nonallowed chemicals that may affect skin, cells, and hormones. This study aimed to develop and validate a method that allows the determination of sunscreen ingredients by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Analysis of original sunscreen products (n=5) from a licensed pharmacy and counterfeit sunscreen products (n=5) from local markets in Jordan was performed using GC-MS. pH stability of the sunscreen samples were also monitored under different storage temperatures. Topical application of sunscreens on mice skin was conducted to study their effects on liver and kidney enzymes' function. In terms of pH stability, there is a significant change in pH at different degrees of temperature between the products. Diethyl phthalate (DEP) was detected in two counterfeit products and was not mentioned on the ingredients' label. DEP was reported for its percutaneous absorption and systemic uptake in the literature. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly increased with a
ISSN:1178-7015
1178-7015
DOI:10.2147/CCID.S190359