Biodegradation of Free Gossypol by Helicoverpa armigera Carboxylesterase Expressed in Pichia pastoris

Gossypol is a polyphenolic toxic secondary metabolite derived from cotton. Free gossypol in cotton meal is remarkably harmful to animals. Furthermore, microbial degradation of gossypol produces metabolites that reduce feed quality. We adopted an enzymatic method to degrade free gossypol safely and e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxins 2022-11, Vol.14 (12), p.816
Main Authors: Zhang, Li, Yang, Xiaolong, Huang, Rongzheng, Nie, Cunxi, Niu, Junli, Chen, Cheng, Zhang, Wenju
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amines
Amino acids
Animals
Biodegradation
Biotransformation
Carboxylesterase
Carboxylesterase - genetics
Carboxylesterase - metabolism
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Cotton
Detoxification
Enzymes
Feed quality
Feeds
Fermentation
Genomes
Gossypol
Gossypol - metabolism
gossypol detoxification
Helicoverpa armigera
heterologous expression
Hydroxyl groups
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microbial degradation
Microorganisms
Molecular weight
Moths - enzymology
Peptides
Pichia - enzymology
Pichia - genetics
Pichia pastoris
Protein folding
Recombinant Proteins - genetics
Recombinant Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:Gossypol is a polyphenolic toxic secondary metabolite derived from cotton. Free gossypol in cotton meal is remarkably harmful to animals. Furthermore, microbial degradation of gossypol produces metabolites that reduce feed quality. We adopted an enzymatic method to degrade free gossypol safely and effectively. We cloned the gene encoding carboxylesterase (CarE) into pPICZαA and transformed it into GS115. The target protein was successfully obtained, and CarE could effectively degrade free gossypol with a degradation rate of 89%. When esterase was added, the exposed toxic groups of gossypol reacted with different amino acids and amines to form bound gossypol, generating substances with (M + H) / ratios of 560.15, 600.25, and 713.46. The molecular formula was C H O , C H N O , and C H N O . The observed instability of the hydroxyl groups caused the substitution and shedding of the group, forming a substance with / of 488.26 and molecular formula C H O . These properties render the CarE a valid candidate for the detoxification of cotton meal. Furthermore, the findings help elucidate the degradation process of gossypol in vitro.
ISSN:2072-6651
2072-6651
DOI:10.3390/toxins14120816