Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma - A comprehensive review of agents used in the contemporary management of advanced/metastatic disease

Renal cell carcinoma represents the most common malignancy of the kidney and the majority of cases are categorized as clear cell carcinomas. The elucidation of the specific alterations in key molecular and metabolic pathways responsible for cancer development and progression have prompted the ration...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Oncology Reviews 2021-02, Vol.15 (1), p.530
Main Authors: Gkolfinopoulos, Stavros, Psyrri, Amanda, Bamias, Aristotelis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Cancer therapies
Cell cycle
clear cell
Clinical trials
Cytokines
FDA approval
Kidney cancer
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
mTOR
Renal cell carcinoma
Review
VEGF
VHL
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Summary:Renal cell carcinoma represents the most common malignancy of the kidney and the majority of cases are categorized as clear cell carcinomas. The elucidation of the specific alterations in key molecular and metabolic pathways responsible for cancer development and progression have prompted the rationalization of our classification of this disease and have provided specific targetable molecules implicated in carcinogenesis. Although immunotherapy has been an established option in the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer for many years, its role has been renewed and upgraded with the implementation of anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors in our treatment armamentarium. The future holds promise, as newer agents become available and combination regimens of immunotherapy with anti-angiogenic agents have become the standard of care in the management of metastatic disease and are currently being evaluated in earlier settings. Proper patient selection and individualization of our treatment strategies are of utmost importance in order to provide optimal care to patients suffering from renal cell carcinoma.
ISSN:1970-5565
1970-5557
1970-5565
1970-5557
DOI:10.4081/ONCOL.2021.530