Origin and diversity of the wild cottons (Gossypium hirsutum) of Mound Key, Florida

Elucidating genetic diversity within wild forms of modern crops is essential for understanding domestication and the possibilities of wild germplasm utilization. Gossypium hirsutum is a predominant source of natural plant fibers and the most widely cultivated cotton species. Wild forms of G. hirsutu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2024-06, Vol.14 (1), p.14046-12, Article 14046
Main Authors: Ning, Weixuan, Rogers, Karen M., Hsu, Chuan-Yu, Magbanua, Zenaida V., Pechanova, Olga, Arick, Mark A., Kayal, Ehsan, Hu, Guanjing, Peterson, Daniel G., Udall, Joshua A., Grover, Corrinne E., Wendel, Jonathan F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/181/2474
631/208/8
Cotton
Domestication
Feral populations
Fibers
Florida
Genetic diversity
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population
Genome, Plant
Germplasm
Gossypium - genetics
Gossypium hirsutum
Humanities and Social Sciences
multidisciplinary
Phylogeny
Plant fibers
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Polyploid
Population genetics
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Species diversity
Upland cotton
Wild relatives
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Summary:Elucidating genetic diversity within wild forms of modern crops is essential for understanding domestication and the possibilities of wild germplasm utilization. Gossypium hirsutum is a predominant source of natural plant fibers and the most widely cultivated cotton species. Wild forms of G. hirsutum are challenging to distinguish from feral derivatives, and truly wild populations are uncommon. Here we characterize a population from Mound Key Archaeological State Park, Florida using genome-wide SNPs extracted from 25 individuals over three sites. Our results reveal that this population is genetically dissimilar from other known wild, landrace, and domesticated cottons, and likely represents a pocket of previously unrecognized wild genetic diversity. The unexpected level of divergence between the Mound Key population and other wild cotton populations suggests that the species may harbor other remnant and genetically distinct populations that are geographically scattered in suitable habitats throughout the Caribbean. Our work thus has broader conservation genetic implications and suggests that further exploration of natural diversity in this species is warranted.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-64887-8