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Nephrocalcinosis among children at King Hussein Medical Center : causes and outcome

Nephrocalcinosis (NC) is defined as deposition of calcium crystals in the renal parenchyma and tubules. This is a retrospective review of all the data of 63 children presented to Pediatric Nephrology Clinic at King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC) over a 15-year period with bilateral NC. We determine t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation 2017-09, Vol.28 (5), p.1064-1068
Main Authors: Mardini, Riham I., al-Bdirat, Jwahir T., Salaita, Ghazi M., al-Bdirat, Amir T., Farrah, Mahdi K.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Nephrocalcinosis (NC) is defined as deposition of calcium crystals in the renal parenchyma and tubules. This is a retrospective review of all the data of 63 children presented to Pediatric Nephrology Clinic at King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC) over a 15-year period with bilateral NC. We determine their causes, clinical presentation and evaluate their growth and renal function during their follow-up. Thirty-five (55.5 %) cases were males and 28 (44.5 %) were females. The median (range) age at presentation was four (2–192) months. The most common leading cause to NC was hereditary tubulopathy in 48 % followed by hyperoxaluria in 35 %. The cause of NC remained unknown in 3 % and Vitamin D excess accounts for 5 % of the cases. The most presenting symptom was a failure to thrive (68 %) and the second most common symptom was abdominal pain and recurrent urinary tract infection was found in 40 %, polyuria and polydipsia were found in 32 % of cases, and 16 % of cases were diagnosed incidentally. At a median follow-up of 38 (14–200) months, estimated glomerular filtration rate had decreased from 84.0 (42–110) mL / min per 1.73 m2 body surface area to 68.2 (10–110) mL / min / 1.73 m2 body surface (P = 0.001). This study illustrated the need for a national registry of rare renal diseases to help understand the causes of these conditions in our populations and provide support to affected patients and their families.
ISSN:1319-2442
2320-3838
DOI:10.4103/1319-2442.215138