Quinoa Secondary Metabolites and Their Biological Activities or Functions

Quinoa ( Willd.) was known as the "golden grain" by the native Andean people in South America, and has been a source of valuable food over thousands of years. It can produce a variety of secondary metabolites with broad spectra of bioactivities. At least 193 secondary metabolites from quin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-07, Vol.24 (13), p.2512
Main Authors: Lin, Minyi, Han, Peipei, Li, Yuying, Wang, Weixuan, Lai, Daowan, Zhou, Ligang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allelopathy
Anti-inflammatory agents
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antioxidants
biological activities
Biosynthesis
Chenopodium quinoa - chemistry
Chenopodium quinoa - metabolism
Cytotoxicity
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Flavonoids
Flavonoids - chemistry
Flavonoids - metabolism
Flavonoids - pharmacology
Flowers & plants
Food sources
functions
Hydroxybenzoates - chemistry
Hydroxybenzoates - metabolism
Hydroxybenzoates - pharmacology
Inflammation
Metabolites
Microorganisms
Mollusks
Pathogens
Phenolic acids
Phenols
Physiology
Phytochemicals - chemistry
Phytochemicals - metabolism
Phytochemicals - pharmacology
Quinoa
quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
Review
Secondary Metabolism
Secondary metabolites
Seeds
Steroid hormones
Structure-Activity Relationship
Terpenes - chemistry
Terpenes - metabolism
Terpenes - pharmacology
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Summary:Quinoa ( Willd.) was known as the "golden grain" by the native Andean people in South America, and has been a source of valuable food over thousands of years. It can produce a variety of secondary metabolites with broad spectra of bioactivities. At least 193 secondary metabolites from quinoa have been identified in the past 40 years. They mainly include phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and nitrogen-containing compounds. These metabolites exhibit many physiological functions, such as insecticidal, molluscicidal and antimicrobial activities, as well as various kinds of biological activities such as antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. This review focuses on our knowledge of the structures, biological activities and functions of quinoa secondary metabolites. Biosynthesis, development and utilization of the secondary metabolites especially from quinoa bran were prospected.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules24132512