Intermetallic Pd3X (X= Ti and Zr) nanocrystals for electro-oxidation of alcohols and formic acid in alkaline and acidic media

Two highly active and stable Pd-based intermetallic nanocrystals with early d-metals Pd3Ti and Pd3Zr have been developed. The nanocrystals are synthesized by co-reduction of the respective salts of Pd and Ti/Zr. Hard X-ray photoemission Spectroscopy (HAXPES) analysis of the nanocrystals indicates th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science and technology of advanced materials 2020-12, Vol.21 (1), p.573-583
Main Authors: Kodiyath, Rajesh, Ramesh, Gubbala V, Manikandan, Maidhily, Ueda, Shigenori, Fujita, Takeshi, Abe, Hideki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidic oxides
Alcohols
Catalytic activity
electro-oxidation
Ethanol
Focus on Intermetallic Catalysts
Formic acid
fuel cells
intermetallic compounds
Nanocrystals
Oxidation
Palladium
pd3ti nanoparticles
pd3zr nanoparticles
Photoelectric emission
Platinum
Sulfuric acid
Titanium
Zirconium
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Summary:Two highly active and stable Pd-based intermetallic nanocrystals with early d-metals Pd3Ti and Pd3Zr have been developed. The nanocrystals are synthesized by co-reduction of the respective salts of Pd and Ti/Zr. Hard X-ray photoemission Spectroscopy (HAXPES) analysis of the nanocrystals indicates that the electronic properties of Pd are modified significantly, as evident from the lowering of the d-band center of Pd. The intermetallic nanocrystals dispersed in Vulcan carbon, Pd3Ti/C and Pd3Zr/C, exhibit improved electrocatalytic activity towards methanol and ethanol oxidation in an alkaline medium (0.5 M KOH), compared to those of commercially available catalysts such as Pd/C, Pt/C, and Pt3Sn/C. In addition, Pd3Ti/C and Pd3Zr/C show significantly higher activity towards the oxidation of formic acid in an acidic medium (0.5 M H2SO4), compared to those of Pd/C and Pt/C. The modification of the d-band center of Pd as a result of the alloying of Pd with the early d-metals Ti and Zr may be responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity.
ISSN:1468-6996
1878-5514
DOI:10.1080/14686996.2020.1789437