Retinal and Brain Organoids: Bridging the Gap Between in vivo Physiology and in vitro Micro-Physiology for the Study of Alzheimer's Diseases

Recent progress in tissue engineering has led to increasingly complex approaches to investigate human neurodegenerative diseases , such as Alzheimer's disease, aiming to provide more functional and physiological models for the study of their pathogenesis, and possibly the identification of nove...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in neuroscience 2020-06, Vol.14, p.655-655
Main Authors: Brighi, Carlo, Cordella, Federica, Chiriatti, Luigi, Soloperto, Alessandro, Di Angelantonio, Silvia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3D cell biology
Alzheimer's disease
Animal cognition
Animal models
Biomarkers
brain organoid
Cell culture
Disease
Hydrogels
Hypotheses
induced pluripotent stem cell
Metabolism
Mimicry
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroscience
Organoids
Pathogenesis
Physiology
Pluripotency
Precision medicine
Proteins
Retina
retinal organoid
Stem cells
Therapeutic applications
Tissue engineering
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Summary:Recent progress in tissue engineering has led to increasingly complex approaches to investigate human neurodegenerative diseases , such as Alzheimer's disease, aiming to provide more functional and physiological models for the study of their pathogenesis, and possibly the identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical and retinal organoids represent a novel class of three-dimensional models capable to recapitulate with a high similarity the structure and the complexity of the native brain and retinal tissues, thus providing a framework for better mimicking in a dish the patient's disease features. This review aims to discuss progress made over the years in the field of three-dimensional cell culture systems, and the benefits and disadvantages related to a possible application of organoids for the study of neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease, providing a promising breakthrough toward a personalized medicine approach and the reduction in the use of humanized animal models.
ISSN:1662-4548
1662-453X
1662-453X
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2020.00655