Anesthesia for thoracic surgery in infants and children

The management of infants and children presenting for thoracic surgery poses a variety of challenges for anesthesiologists. A thorough understanding of the implications of developmental changes in cardiopulmonary anatomy and physiology, associated comorbid conditions, and the proposed surgical inter...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Saudi journal of anaesthesia 2021-07, Vol.15 (3), p.283-299
Main Authors: Murray-Torres, Teresa, Winch, Peter, Naguib, Aymen, Tobias, Joseph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Children
Comorbidity
Dexmedetomidine
Health aspects
one-lung ventilation
pediatric anesthesia
thoracic surgery
thoracoscopy
thoracotomy
Ostomy
Pediatric anesthesia
Pediatrics
Physiological aspects
Remifentanil
Review
Surgery
Thoracic surgery
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Summary:The management of infants and children presenting for thoracic surgery poses a variety of challenges for anesthesiologists. A thorough understanding of the implications of developmental changes in cardiopulmonary anatomy and physiology, associated comorbid conditions, and the proposed surgical intervention is essential in order to provide safe and effective clinical care. This narrative review discusses the perioperative anesthetic management of pediatric patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery, beginning with the preoperative assessment. The considerations for the implementation and management of one-lung ventilation (OLV) will be reviewed, and as will the anesthetic implications of different surgical procedures including bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, thoracotomy, and thoracoscopy. We will also discuss pediatric-specific disease processes presenting in neonates, infants, and children, with an emphasis on those with unique impact on anesthetic management.
ISSN:1658-354X
0975-3125
DOI:10.4103/sja.SJA_350_20