Assessing the Resilience of Enteric Bacteria in Manure in Response to Changes in Relative Humidity and UV-B Light

• Published in: Environments (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-09, Vol.11 (9), p.197
• Main Authors: Leon, Ingrid M, Auvermann, Brent W, Bush, Kevin Jack, Casey, Kenneth, Pinchak, William E, Vinasco, Javier, Lawhon, Sara D, Smith, Jason K, Scott, Harvey Morgan, Norman, Keri N
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aerobic bacteria; Airborne microorganisms; Aluminum; Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; Bioaerosols; Cattle; Cattle manure; Chambers; Composition; Dehydration; Desiccation; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; E coli; Enterococcus spp; Environmental aspects; Environmental conditions; Exposure; Feedlots; Gram-positive bacteria; Health aspects; Humidity; Indicator organisms; Light emitting diodes; Manures; Nutrient deficiency; Proteins; Relative humidity; Salmonella; Selective media; stress; Temperature; Trends; Ultraviolet radiation; UV-B
• ISSN: 2076-3298; 2076-3298
• DOI: 10.3390/environments11090197

Dehydrated manure from agricultural animal feedlots can become aerosolized and may potentially harbor viable antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Little is known about the dynamics and risk of bacteria in bioaerosols originating from the feedyard environment. Nutrient deficiency, desiccation, UV exposure, temperature, and pH changes can affect bacterial viability. In this study, we investigated the impact of changes in relative humidity (RH) and UV-B exposure on enteric bacterial survival in vitro to simulate environmental conditions in cattle feedyards. Cattle manure samples were placed in two separate chambers with 73% RH and 31% RH, respectively. For the UV-B experiment, samples were placed in a chamber exposed to UV-B (treated) or in a chamber exposed to LED light (control). Samples from both experiments were spiral plated in triplicate onto selective agar media to quantify total aerobic bacteria, E. coli (total and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR)), and Enterococcus spp. (total and AMR). Results showed that enteric bacteria from cattle manure can withstand at least two stress conditions, including low RH levels and UV-B exposure. Moreover, the data revealed that antimicrobial-resistant bacteria can persist in manure under the harsh conditions that may be encountered in a feedyard environment. These findings underscore the need for mitigation strategies in feedlots to minimize the overall risk of bioaerosol formation.