The Therapeutic Potential of Breast Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

In the past few decades, interest in the therapeutic benefits of exosomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs) has grown exponentially. Exosomes/EVs are small particles which are produced and exocytosed by cells throughout the body. They are loaded with active regulatory and stimulatory molecules from t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2020-03, Vol.12 (3), p.745
Main Authors: Galley, Jeffrey D, Besner, Gail E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Animals
Biological Products - therapeutic use
Breast
Breast cancer
Breast milk
Cell adhesion & migration
Cytokines
Disease
Drug resistance
Enterocolitis
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - etiology
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing - therapy
exosome
Exosomes
Exosomes - metabolism
extracellular vesicle
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Gastrointestinal diseases
Gene expression
Humans
Kinases
Leukemia
Medical research
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - administration & dosage
MicroRNAs - genetics
Milk
Milk, Human - metabolism
Necrosis
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Proteins
Review
Signal transduction
Stem cells
Vesicles
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Summary:In the past few decades, interest in the therapeutic benefits of exosomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs) has grown exponentially. Exosomes/EVs are small particles which are produced and exocytosed by cells throughout the body. They are loaded with active regulatory and stimulatory molecules from the parent cell including miRNAs and enzymes, making them prime targets in therapeutics and diagnostics. Breast milk, known for years to have beneficial health effects, contains a population of EVs which may mediate its therapeutic effects. This review offers an update on the therapeutic potential of exosomes/EVs in disease, with a focus on EVs present in human breast milk and their remedial effect in the gastrointestinal disease necrotizing enterocolitis. Additionally, the relationship between EV miRNAs, health, and disease will be examined, along with the potential for EVs and their miRNAs to be engineered for targeted treatments.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu12030745