Access to land and nature as health determinants: a qualitative analysis exploring meaningful human-nature relationships among Indigenous youth in central Canada

• Published in: BMC public health 2024-09, Vol.24 (1), p.2540-11, Article 2540
• Main Authors: Hatala, Andrew R, Morton, Darrien, Deschenes, Cindy, Bird-Naytowhow, Kelley
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Analysis; Canada; Colonialism; Community; Community involvement; Community-Based Participatory Research; Cross cutting; Cultural identity; Data collection; Female; Gangs; Health care industry; Health care reform; Health Determinants; Health disparities; Health policy; Human beings; Human-environment relationship; Humans; Immune response; Indigenous Canadians - psychology; Indigenous Health; Indigenous peoples; Influence on nature; Intervention; Land; Male; Manitoba; Mental health; Methods; Native peoples; Natural environment; Nature; Outdoor air quality; Policies; Populations; Public health; Public lands; Qualitative analysis; Qualitative Research; Saskatchewan; Social Determinants of Health; Systemic racism; Urban areas; Urban environments; Violent crime; Wellness; Young Adult; Young adults; Youth
• ISSN: 1471-2458; 1471-2458
• DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20007-9

Human relationships with and connections to nature and the "land" are a commonly accepted Social Determinant of Health. Greater knowledge about these relationships can inform public health policies and interventions focused on health equity among Indigenous populations. Two research questions were explored: (1) what are the experiences of meaningful human-nature relationships among Indigenous youth within central Canada; and (2) how do these relationships function as a determinant of health and wellness within their lives. Drawing from three community-based participatory research (CBPR) projects within two urban centers in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, the integrated qualitative findings presented here involved 92 interviews with 52 Indigenous youth that occurred over a period of nine years (2014-2023). Informed by "two-eyed seeing," this analysis combined Indigenous Methodologies and a Constructivist Grounded Theory approach. Our integrative analysis revealed three cross-cutting themes about meaningful human-nature relationships: (1) promoting cultural belonging and positive identity; (2) connecting to community and family; and (3) supporting spiritual health and relationships. The experiences of young people also emphasized barriers to land and nature access within their local environments. Policies, practices, and interventions aimed at strengthening urban Indigenous young peoples' relationships to and connections with nature and the land can have a positive impact on their health and wellness. Public Health systems and healthcare providers can learn about leveraging the health benefits of human-nature relationships at individual and community levels, and this is particularly vital for those working to advance health equity among Indigenous populations.