Securing the Future: Strategies for Global Polio Vaccine Security Amid Eradication Efforts

• Published in: Vaccines (Basel) 2024-12, Vol.12 (12), p.1369
• Main Authors: Harutyunyan, Vachagan, Ottosen, Ann, Burke, Rachel M, Ehrhardt, Derek, Shirey, Meredith, Durham, Rissa, Woods, David
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biosecurity; Collaboration; Dosage and administration; Epidemics; Eradication; Global health; global OPV stockpile; Immunization; immunization policy; inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV); Infectious diseases; Initiatives; Innovations; Manufacturers; Manufacturing; oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV); polio eradication; Poliomyelitis; Poliomyelitis vaccine; Prevention; Product development; Public health; R&D; Research & development; Risk factors; Security; Shortages; Supply chains; Uncertainty analysis; Vaccine development; vaccine security; Vaccines
• ISSN: 2076-393X; 2076-393X
• DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12121369

As we commemorate 50 years of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), the global mission to eradicate polio stands at a critical juncture. While remarkable progress has been made over the past decades, ensuring a steady supply of polio vaccines remains a significant challenge that could undermine these achievements. This manuscript aims to address the complexities of polio vaccine security within the context of the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030) and the Global Polio Eradication Strategy 2022-2029, proposing actionable strategies to strengthen the vaccine supply. This manuscript analyzes obstacles to vaccine security, including supply disruptions and market uncertainties. It presents the Polio Vaccine Security Framework as a key strategy for addressing these challenges. Data were gathered from Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) reports, consultations with key stakeholders, and analyses of past vaccine shortages. The findings indicate that the primary risks to vaccine security include the lack of a coherent long-term policy framework on polio vaccination, the absence of a clear polio vaccine development roadmap, and insufficient long-term, predictable forecasting. Additionally, stronger coordination is needed between stakeholders involved in vaccine supply, polio containment, and research, as well as addressing challenges related to financing and access to resources. A robust, adaptable, and sustainable approach to vaccine security, proposed in the Polio Vaccine Security Framework, is critical to achieving and sustaining polio eradication. Collaboration among policymakers, manufacturers, and stakeholders to implement it is essential to ensure the uninterrupted supply of polio vaccines, protecting the progress made over the past half century, and preventing a resurgence of poliovirus in the future.