A Comprehensive Study to Identify Major Metabolites of an Amoxicillin-Sulbactam Hybrid Molecule in Rats and Its Metabolic Pathway Using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS

Amoxicillin and sulbactam are widely used compound drugs in animal food. The amoxicillin-sulbactam hybrid molecule can achieve better curative effects through the combination of the two drugs. However, its pharmacokinetic behavior needs to be explored. In this study, a randomized crossover experimen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metabolites 2022-07, Vol.12 (7), p.662
Main Authors: Zhao, Fei-Ke, Shi, Ren-Bin, Sun, Yu-Bin, Yang, Shuang-Yun, Chen, Liang-Zhu, Fang, Bing-Hu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Amoxicillin
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Chromatography
drug metabolism
Drugs
Enzymes
hybrid molecule
Kidneys
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolic pathways
Metabolism
Metabolites
Pharmacokinetics
Scientific imaging
Sulbactam
ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry
Urine
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Summary:Amoxicillin and sulbactam are widely used compound drugs in animal food. The amoxicillin-sulbactam hybrid molecule can achieve better curative effects through the combination of the two drugs. However, its pharmacokinetic behavior needs to be explored. In this study, a randomized crossover experiment was performed to investigate the metabolism of the novel amoxicillin-sulbactam hybrid molecule in rats after gastric administration. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was used to isolate and to identify the metabolites in rats. Amoxicillin, amoxicilloic acid, amoxicillin diketopiperazine, and sulbactam were eventually detected in the plasma, liver, urine, and kidneys; no hybrid molecules and their metabolites were detected in feces. The in vivo metabolism results showed that the hybrid molecule was absorbed into the body in the intestine, producing amoxicillin and sulbactam, then amoxicillin was partially metabolized to amoxicilloic acid and amoxicillin diketopiperazine, which are eventually excreted in the urine by the kidneys. In this study, four major metabolites of the amoxicillin-sulbactam hybrid molecule were identified and their metabolic pathways were speculated, which provided scientific data for understanding the metabolism of the hybrid molecule and for its clinical rational use.
ISSN:2218-1989
2218-1989
DOI:10.3390/metabo12070662