Optimized Derivation of Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNECs) for Eight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Using HC10 Based on Acute Toxicity Data

For persistent organic pollutants, a concern of environmental supervision, predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) are often used in ecological risk assessment, which is commonly derived from the hazardous concentration of 5% (HC5) of the species sensitivity distribution (SSD). To address the pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxics (Basel) 2023-06, Vol.11 (7), p.563
Main Authors: Sun, Xiao, Ding, Ting-Ting, Wang, Ze-Jun, Huang, Peng, Liu, Shu-Shen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acenaphthene
Acute toxicity
Anthracene
aquatic organisms
Benzo(a)pyrene
Carcinogens
Chemicals
cumulative probability
Ecological effects
Ecological risk assessment
Environmental risk
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Geographical distribution
Mathematical analysis
median effect concentration
Naphthalene
no observed effect concentration
Organisms
Persistent organic pollutants
Phenanthrene
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Pyrene
Risk assessment
Toxicity
toxicity on multi-species
two-parameter nonlinear functions
Water quality
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Summary:For persistent organic pollutants, a concern of environmental supervision, predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) are often used in ecological risk assessment, which is commonly derived from the hazardous concentration of 5% (HC5) of the species sensitivity distribution (SSD). To address the problem of a lack of toxicity data, the objectives of this study are to propose and apply two improvement ideas for SSD application, taking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as an example: whether the chronic PNEC can be derived from the acute SSD curve; whether the PNEC may be calculated by HC10 to avoid solely statistical extrapolation. In this study, the acute SSD curves for eight PAHs and the chronic SSD curves for three PAHs were constructed. The quantity relationship of HC5s between the acute and chronic SSD curves was explored, and the value of the assessment factor when using HC10 to calculate PNEC was derived. The results showed that, for PAHs, the chronic PNEC can be estimated by multiplying the acute PNEC by 0.1, and the value of the assessment factor corresponding to HC10 is 10. For acenaphthene, anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, fluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, the chronic PNECs based on the acute HC10s were 0.8120, 0.008925, 0.005202, 0.07602, 2.328, 12.75, 0.5731, and 0.05360 μg/L, respectively.
ISSN:2305-6304
2305-6304
DOI:10.3390/toxics11070563