3-Bromopyridine-Heterogenized Phosphotungstic Acid for Efficient Trimerization of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural with 2-Methylfuran to C21 Fuel Precursor

The production of long-chain carbon compounds (C9-C21) from biomass derivatives to alternate traditional fossil diesel is sustainable, eco-friendly, and potentially economic for modern industry. In this work, phosphotungstic acid heterogenized by 3-bromopyridine was achieved using a solvothermal met...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in polymer technology 2020-01, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-12
Main Authors: Yang, Song, Li, Hu, Yu, Zhaozhuo, Xu, Yufei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Alternative energy sources
Biodiesel fuels
Biofuels
Biomass
Carbon
Carbon compounds
Catalysts
Caustic soda
Chromatography
Diesel fuels
Ethanol
Fourier transforms
Gas chromatography
Hydroxymethylfurfural
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectroscopy
NMR
Nuclear fuels
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Precursors
Sodium
Spectrum analysis
Stainless steel
Thermogravimetric analysis
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Summary:The production of long-chain carbon compounds (C9-C21) from biomass derivatives to alternate traditional fossil diesel is sustainable, eco-friendly, and potentially economic for modern industry. In this work, phosphotungstic acid heterogenized by 3-bromopyridine was achieved using a solvothermal method, which was demonstrated to be efficient for trimerization of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with 2-methylfuran (2-MF) to C21 fuel precursor (57.1% yield) under mild reaction conditions. The heterogeneous acidic catalyst could be reused for four consecutive cycles without obvious loss of activity, and different characterization techniques (e.g., XRD (X-ray diffraction), TG (thermogravimetric analysis), SEM (scanning electron microscope), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and BET (Brunauer-Emmet-Teller)) were utilized to investigate the performance of the catalyst. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway was postulated, on the basis of results obtained by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometer). This strategy provides a facile and efficient approach to prepare a recyclable acidic catalyst for the production of diesel fuel precursor from biomass via controllable polymerization.
ISSN:0730-6679
1098-2329
DOI:10.1155/2020/6438490