Faecal Proteomics and Functional Analysis of Equine Melanocytic Neoplasm in Grey Horses

Equine melanocytic neoplasm (EMN) is a common disease in older grey horses. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential proteins throughout EMN stages from faecal proteomic outlining using functional analysis. Faecal samples were collected from the rectum of 25 grey horses divided into th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary sciences 2022-02, Vol.9 (2), p.94
Main Authors: Tesena, Parichart, Kingkaw, Amornthep, Phaonakrop, Narumon, Roytrakul, Sittiruk, Limudomporn, Paviga, Vongsangnak, Wanwipa, Kovitvadhi, Attawit
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activator protein 1
Biomarkers
Chemotherapy
Chromatography
Diacylglycerol kinase
equine melanocytic neoplasm
faecal proteome
Feces
functional analysis
Horses
Lipid metabolism
Mass spectrometry
Melanocytes
Melanoma
Metastasis
Microenvironments
Nitrogen
Peptides
Proteins
Proteomics
Scientific imaging
Skin cancer
Transcription factors
Tumor microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:Equine melanocytic neoplasm (EMN) is a common disease in older grey horses. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential proteins throughout EMN stages from faecal proteomic outlining using functional analysis. Faecal samples were collected from the rectum of 25 grey horses divided into three groups; normal group without EMN ( = 10), mild EMN ( = 6) and severe EMN ( = 9). Based on the results, 5910 annotated proteins out of 8509 total proteins were assessed from proteomic profiling. We observed differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the normal group and the EMN group, and 109 significant proteins were obtained, of which 28 and 81 were involved in metabolic and non-metabolic functions, respectively. We found 10 proteins that play a key role in lipid metabolism, affecting the tumour microenvironment and, consequently, melanoma progression. Interestingly, FOSL1 (FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit) was considered as a potential highly expressed protein in a mild EMN group involved in melanocytes cell and related melanoma. Diacylglycerol kinase (DGKB), TGc domain-containing protein (Tgm2), structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 (SMC4) and mastermind-like transcriptional coactivator 2 (MAML2) were related to lipid metabolism, facilitating melanoma development in the severe-EMN group. In conclusion, these potential proteins can be used as candidate biomarkers for the monitoring of early EMN, the development of EMN, further prevention and treatment.
ISSN:2306-7381
2306-7381
DOI:10.3390/vetsci9020094