Measurement characteristics and correlates of HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV: a cross-sectional study from coastal Kenya

ObjectiveWe studied the psychometric properties of the 12-item short version of the Berger HIV stigma scale and assessed the correlates of HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV on the Kenyan coast.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingComprehensive Care and Research Centre in the Kilifi Count...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMJ open 2022-02, Vol.12 (2), p.e050709-e050709
Main Authors: Wanjala, Stanley W, Nyongesa, Moses K, Mwangi, Paul, Mutua, Agnes M, Luchters, Stanley, Newton, Charles R J C, Abubakar, Amina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adults
AIDS
Antiretroviral drugs
Anxiety disorders
Cross-sectional studies
Data collection
Disclosure
epidemiology
HIV
HIV & AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infections
Medical screening
Patients
Public health
Quantitative psychology
Questionnaires
Self image
Stigma
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Summary:ObjectiveWe studied the psychometric properties of the 12-item short version of the Berger HIV stigma scale and assessed the correlates of HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV on the Kenyan coast.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingComprehensive Care and Research Centre in the Kilifi County Hospital.ParticipantsAdults living with HIV on combination antiretroviral therapy were recruited and interviewed between February and April 2018 (n=450).Main outcome measuresHIV-related stigma.Results450 participants with a median age of 43 years (IQR=36–50) took part in the study. Of these, 356 (79.1%) were female. Scale reliability and validity were high (alpha=0.80, test–retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient=0.92). Using confirmatory factor analysis, we observed that the 12-item short version of the HIV stigma scale had a good fit for its hypothesised model (Comparative Fit Index=0.966, Tucker Lewis Index=0.955, root mean square error of approximation=0.044). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis indicated measurement invariance across gender and age groups as ΔCFI was ≤0.01. Multivariate linear regression established that being female (β=2.001, 95% CI: 0.21 to 3.80, p=0.029), HIV status non-disclosure (β=4.237, 95% CI: 1.27 to 7.20, p=0.005) and co-occurrence of depressive and anxiety symptoms (β=6.670, 95% CI: 3.40 to 9.94, p
ISSN:2044-6055
2044-6055
DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050709