Nontuberculous mycobacteria pathogenesis and biofilm assembly

• Published in: International journal of mycobacteriology 2015-03, Vol.4 (1), p.36-43
• Main Authors: Sousa, Sara, Bandeira, Maria, Carvalho, Patricia Almeida, Duarte, Aida, Jordao, Luisa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacterial Adhesion; Biofilms; Cell Line; Health aspects; HIV patients; Host–pathogen interaction; Humans; Infection; Infectious Disease; Macrophages, Alveolar - cytology; Macrophages, Alveolar - microbiology; Medical Education; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Mycobacterium chelonae - pathogenicity; Mycobacterium chelonae - physiology; Mycobacterium fortuitum - pathogenicity; Mycobacterium fortuitum - physiology; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - microbiology; Mycobacterium smegmatis - pathogenicity; Mycobacterium smegmatis - physiology; Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM); Nontuberculous Mycobacteria - pathogenicity; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria - physiology; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
• ISSN: 2212-5531; 2212-554X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2014.11.065

Abstract Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emergent pathogens whose importance in human health has been gaining relevance after being recognized as etiological agents of opportunist infections in HIV patients. Currently, NTM are recognized as etiological agents of several respiratory and extra-respiratory infections of immune-competent individuals. The environmental nature of NTM together with the ability to assemble biofilms on different surfaces plays a key role on their pathogenesis. In the present work the ability of three fast-growing NTM ( M ycobacterium smegmatis , M ycobacterium fortuitum and M ycobacterium chelonae ) to persist within a model of human alveolar macrophages was evaluated. Most often human infections with NTM occur by contact with the environment. Biofilms can work as environmental reservoirs. For this reason, it was decided to evaluate the ability of NTM to assemble biofilms on different surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy was used to elucidate the biofilm structure. The ability to assemble biofilms was connected with the ability to spread on solid media known as sliding. Biofilm assembly and intracellular persistence seems to be ruled by different mechanisms.