Genetics of the Inverse Relationship between Grain Yield and Grain Protein Content in Common Wheat

Grain protein content (GPC) is one of the most important criteria to determine the quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). One of the major obstacles for bread wheat production is the negative correlation between GPC and grain yield (GY). Previous studies demonstrated that the deviation from th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2022-08, Vol.11 (16), p.2146
Main Authors: Geyer, Manuel, Mohler, Volker, Hartl, Lorenz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chromosomes
Crop production
Crop yield
Crop yields
Deviation
Gene expression
Gene mapping
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genetics
Grain
grain protein deviation
grain yield deviation
Haplotypes
Identification and classification
MAGIC
Mapping
Measurement
Nitrogen
Nucleotides
Nutrient content
Nutritional aspects
Phenotypic variations
Physiological aspects
Polygenic inheritance
Polymorphism
protein yield
Proteins
QTL
Quantitative genetics
Quantitative trait loci
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Triticum aestivum
Wheat
Wheat industry
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Summary:Grain protein content (GPC) is one of the most important criteria to determine the quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). One of the major obstacles for bread wheat production is the negative correlation between GPC and grain yield (GY). Previous studies demonstrated that the deviation from this inverse relationship is highly heritable. However, little is known about the genetics controlling these deviations in common wheat. To fill this gap, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for GY, GPC, and four derived GY-GPC indices using an eight-way multiparent advanced generation intercross population comprising 394 lines. Interval mapping was conducted using phenotypic data from up to nine environments and genotypic data from a 20k single-nucleotide polymorphism array. The four indices were highly heritable (0.76–0.88) and showed distinct correlations to GY and GPC. Interval mapping revealed that GY, GPC, and GY-GPC indices were controlled by 6, 12, and 12 unique QTL, of which each explained only a small amount of phenotypic variance (R2 ≤ 10%). Ten of the 12 index QTL were independent of loci affecting GY and GPC. QTL regions harboured several candidate genes, including Rht-1, WAPO-A1, TaTEF-7A, and NRT2.6-7A. The study confirmed the usefulness of indices to mitigate the inverse GY-GPC relationship in breeding, though the selection method should reflect their polygenic inheritance.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants11162146