Recent Advances in Structural Studies of Cytochrome bd and Its Potential Application as a Drug Target

Cytochrome is a triheme copper-free terminal oxidase in membrane respiratory chains of prokaryotes. This unique molecular machine couples electron transfer from quinol to O with the generation of a proton motive force without proton pumping. Apart from energy conservation, the enzyme plays an additi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-03, Vol.23 (6), p.3166
Main Authors: Friedrich, Thorsten, Wohlwend, Daniel, Borisov, Vitaliy B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Binding sites
Cell Respiration
Crystallography
Cytochrome
Cytochrome bd
cytochrome oxidase
Cytochromes - metabolism
E coli
Electron transfer
Electron Transport
electron transport chain
Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins - metabolism
Energy conservation
Enzymes
Escherichia coli Proteins
Hydroquinone
inhibition
membrane protein
Microorganisms
Microscopy
molecular bioenergetics
Molecular machines
Prokaryotes
Proton-Motive Force
Protonmotive force
Review
Terminal oxidase
Therapeutic targets
Tuberculosis
Virulence
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Summary:Cytochrome is a triheme copper-free terminal oxidase in membrane respiratory chains of prokaryotes. This unique molecular machine couples electron transfer from quinol to O with the generation of a proton motive force without proton pumping. Apart from energy conservation, the enzyme plays an additional key role in the microbial cell, being involved in the response to different environmental stressors. Cytochrome promotes virulence in a number of pathogenic species that makes it a suitable molecular drug target candidate. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding the structure of cytochrome and the development of its selective inhibitors.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23063166