Renal Cell Cancer and Obesity

Cancers are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality. There are many risk factors for tumours, including advanced age, personal or family history of cancer, some types of viral infections, exposure to radiation and some chemicals, smoking and alcohol consumption, as well as obesity. Increasing ev...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-03, Vol.23 (6), p.3404
Main Authors: Gluba-Brzózka, Anna, Rysz, Jacek, Ławiński, Janusz, Franczyk, Beata
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogens
Carcinoma, Renal Cell - complications
Carcinoma, Renal Cell - genetics
DNA methylation
Gene expression
Histones
Humans
Hypoxia
inflammation
Inflammation - pathology
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Kidney cancer
Kidney Neoplasms - complications
Kidney Neoplasms - genetics
Kinases
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Morbidity
Mortality
Mutation
Nucleotides
Nutrients
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Radiation effects
renal cell cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Review
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Tumors
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Summary:Cancers are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality. There are many risk factors for tumours, including advanced age, personal or family history of cancer, some types of viral infections, exposure to radiation and some chemicals, smoking and alcohol consumption, as well as obesity. Increasing evidence suggest the role of obesity in the initiation and progression of various cancers, including renal cell carcinoma. Since tumours require energy for their uncontrollable growth, it appears plausible that their initiation and development is associated with the dysregulation of cells metabolism. Thus, any state characterised by an intake of excessive energy and nutrients may favour the development of various cancers. There are many factors that promote the development of renal cell carcinoma, including hypoxia, inflammation, insulin resistance, excessive adipose tissue and adipokines and others. There are also many obesity-related alterations in genes expression, including DNA methylation, single nucleotide polymorphisms, histone modification and miRNAs that can promote renal carcinogenesis. This review focuses on the impact of obesity on the risk of renal cancers development, their aggressiveness and patients' survival.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23063404