Bridging Cyanobacteria to Neurodegenerative Diseases: A New Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds against Alzheimer’s Disease

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) represent a drawback in society given the ageing population. Dementias are the most prevalent NDs, with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) representing around 70% of all cases. The current pharmaceuticals for AD are symptomatic and with no effects on the progression of the dis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine drugs 2021-06, Vol.19 (6), p.343
Main Authors: Castaneda, Andrea, Ferraz, Ricardo, Vieira, Mónica, Cardoso, Isabel, Vasconcelos, Vitor, Martins, Rosário
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcholinesterase
Ageing
Aging
Alzheimer's disease
Antioxidants
Bioactive compounds
Biomolecules
Brain research
Cancer
Carotenoids
Cognition & reasoning
Cyanobacteria
Dementia
Diseases
Enzymes
Hypotheses
Inflammation
Kinases
Memory
Microorganisms
natural products
Nervous system
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurotransmitters
new therapies
Pathology
Peptides
Photosynthesis
Prokaryotes
Proteins
Review
Secretase
Synaptic cleft
β-Amyloid
β-Site APP-cleaving enzyme 1
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Summary:Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) represent a drawback in society given the ageing population. Dementias are the most prevalent NDs, with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) representing around 70% of all cases. The current pharmaceuticals for AD are symptomatic and with no effects on the progression of the disease. Thus, research on molecules with therapeutic relevance has become a major focus for the scientific community. Cyanobacteria are a group of photosynthetic prokaryotes rich in biomolecules with confirmed activity in pathologies such as cancer, and with feasible potential in NDs such as AD. In this review, we aimed to compile the research works focused in the anti-AD potential of cyanobacteria, namely regarding the inhibition of the enzyme β-secretase (BACE1) as a fundamental enzyme in the generation of β-amyloid (Aβ), the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) lead to an increase in the availability of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft and the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as phenomena associated with neurodegeneration mechanisms.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md19060343