Accuracy of Perceived Estimated Travel Time by EMS to a Trauma Center in San Bernardino County, California

• Published in: The western journal of emergency medicine 2016-07, Vol.17 (4), p.418-426
• Main Authors: Neeki, Michael M, MacNeil, Colin, Toy, Jake, Dong, Fanglong, Vara, Richard, Powell, Joe, Pennington, Troy, Kwong, Eugene
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: California - epidemiology; Critical Care - standards; Emergency Service, Hospital - standards; Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data; EMS; Health Services Accessibility - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care); Prehospital Care; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; San Bernardino County; Time Factors; Transportation of Patients - statistics & numerical data; Trauma Centers - standards; Trauma Centers - statistics & numerical data; Travel Time
• ISSN: 1936-900X; 1936-9018
• DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2016.5.29809

Mobilization of trauma resources has the potential to cause ripple effects throughout hospital operations. One major factor affecting efficient utilization of trauma resources is a discrepancy between the prehospital estimated time of arrival (ETA) as communicated by emergency medical services (EMS) personnel and their actual time of arrival (TOA). The current study aimed to assess the accuracy of the perceived prehospital estimated arrival time by EMS personnel in comparison to their actual arrival time at a Level II trauma center in San Bernardino County, California. This retrospective study included traumas classified as alerts or activations that were transported to Arrowhead Regional Medical Center in 2013. We obtained estimated arrival time and actual arrival time for each transport from the Surgery Department Trauma Registry. The difference between the median of ETA and actual TOA by EMS crews to the trauma center was calculated for these transports. Additional variables assessed included time of day and month during which the transport took place. A total of 2,454 patients classified as traumas were identified in the Surgery Department Trauma Registry. After exclusion of trauma consults, walk-ins, handoffs between agencies, downgraded traumas, traumas missing information, and traumas transported by agencies other than American Medical Response, Ontario Fire, Rialto Fire or San Bernardino County Fire, we included a final sample size of 555 alert and activation classified traumas in the final analysis. When combining all transports by the included EMS agencies, the median of the ETA was 10 minutes and the median of the actual TOA was 22 minutes (median of difference=9 minutes, p