Role of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Asthma and COPD: Pathogenic Aspects and Potential Targeted Therapies

Among the various members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, p38 MAPK subgroup is the most involved in airway and lung inflammation underlying asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In particular, several environmental agents including aeroallergens, cigarette s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug design, development and therapy development and therapy, 2021-01, Vol.15, p.1275-1284
Main Authors: Pelaia, Corrado, Vatrella, Alessandro, Gallelli, Luca, Lombardo, Nicola, Sciacqua, Angela, Savino, Rocco, Pelaia, Girolamo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air flow
Air pollution
airway inflammation
Allergens
Apoptosis
Asthma
Biosynthesis
Chemokines
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cigarette smoke
Cigarettes
copd
Cytokines
Gene expression
Growth factors
Inflammation
Kinases
Lung diseases
Lymphocytes
MAP kinase
Mitogens
Neutrophils
Obstructive lung disease
p38-mapk
p38-mapk inhibitors
Pathophysiology
Phosphatase
Phosphorylation
Pollutants
Protein kinase
Protein kinases
Proteins
Respiratory diseases
Review
Signal transduction
Smoking
Subgroups
Transcription factors
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:Among the various members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, p38 MAPK subgroup is the most involved in airway and lung inflammation underlying asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In particular, several environmental agents including aeroallergens, cigarette smoke, airborne pollutants, viral and bacterial pathogens activate the p38α isoform which in turn up-regulates the expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as the production of some fibrogenic factors. Therefore, p38 MAPK-induced bronchial inflammation and remodelling significantly contribute to the development, persistence and amplification of airflow limitation, which is the hallmark of asthma and COPD. Such advances in our understanding of p38 role in the pathobiology of the above widespread, chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, have led to consider p38 MAPK as a suitable molecular target for novel treatment strategies. Indeed, many studies have been carried out in both animal and clinical settings, with the aim of evaluating the potential therapeutic effects of p38 MAPK inhibitors in both asthma and COPD.
ISSN:1177-8881
1177-8881
DOI:10.2147/DDDT.S300988