Application of live-cell RNA imaging techniques to the study of retroviral RNA trafficking

Retroviruses produce full-length RNA that serves both as a genomic RNA (gRNA), which is encapsidated into virus particles, and as an mRNA, which directs the synthesis of viral structural proteins. However, we are only beginning to understand the cellular and viral factors that influence trafficking...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2012-06, Vol.4 (6), p.963-979
Main Authors: Bann, Darrin V, Parent, Leslie J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
live-cell
Molecular Imaging
Protein Binding
Retroviridae - genetics
Retroviridae - metabolism
retrovirus
Review
RNA labeling
RNA Transport
RNA, Viral - metabolism
RNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Staining and Labeling - methods
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Summary:Retroviruses produce full-length RNA that serves both as a genomic RNA (gRNA), which is encapsidated into virus particles, and as an mRNA, which directs the synthesis of viral structural proteins. However, we are only beginning to understand the cellular and viral factors that influence trafficking of retroviral RNA and the selection of the RNA for encapsidation or translation. Live cell imaging studies of retroviral RNA trafficking have provided important insight into many aspects of the retrovirus life cycle including transcription dynamics, nuclear export of viral RNA, translational regulation, membrane targeting, and condensation of the gRNA during virion assembly. Here, we review cutting-edge techniques to visualize single RNA molecules in live cells and discuss the application of these systems to studying retroviral RNA trafficking.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v4060963