New Low-Cost Ceramic Microfiltration Membranes for Bacteria Removal

Safe water provision in low-income countries is constrained by limited financial resources, and the problem is worsened during natural disasters. Thus, there is a need to develop efficient low-cost technologies for point-of-use water treatment. This work reports on the development of new ceramic mic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Membranes (Basel) 2022-04, Vol.12 (5), p.490
Main Authors: Mountoumnjou, Olivier, Szymczyk, Anthony, Lyonga Mbambyah, Emilia Enjema, Njoya, Dayirou, Elimbi, Antoine
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Bentonite
Calorimetry
ceramic membranes
Chemical Sciences
Clay
Coliforms
Differential scanning calorimetry
Drinking water
E coli
Environmental impact
Escherichia coli
Fabrication
Flexural strength
Fourier transforms
Gram-positive bacteria
Hydraulics
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectroscopy
Kaolin
Limestone
Low cost
Low income areas
Mechanical properties
Membrane permeability
Membrane separation
Membranes
Mercury
Metal oxides
Microfiltration
Natural disasters
natural resources
Permeability
Pore size
Porosity
Raw materials
Rejection
Scientific imaging
Staphylococcus aureus
Thermogravimetric analysis
Water treatment
Water uptake
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:Safe water provision in low-income countries is constrained by limited financial resources, and the problem is worsened during natural disasters. Thus, there is a need to develop efficient low-cost technologies for point-of-use water treatment. This work reports on the development of new ceramic microfiltration membranes made from mixtures of inexpensive raw materials available locally (kaolin, bentonite and limestone) and their efficiency in rejecting bacteria such as and . Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, mercury intrusion porosimetry, flexural strength and water uptake were used to characterize the raw materials and membranes. The addition of limestone in the membrane fabrication increased the pore size, the porosity and, thus, the permeability of the membranes but at the expense of the rejection performance. Among the different compositions studied, the membrane made of 83% kaolin, 10% bentonite and 7% limestone showed the best performance compromise with water permeability of 566 L·h ·m ·bar and 100% rejection of both and . These new low-cost microfiltration membranes are expected to have potential applications in water treatment and household applications.
ISSN:2077-0375
2077-0375
DOI:10.3390/membranes12050490