Message in a Bottle: Dialog between Intestine and Skin Modulated by Probiotics

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2017-06, Vol.18 (6), p.1067
• Main Authors: Friedrich, Adrián D, Paz, Mariela L, Leoni, Juliana, González Maglio, Daniel H
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Autoimmune diseases; Bacteria; Crosstalk; Digestive system; Gastrointestinal Diseases - etiology; Gastrointestinal Diseases - metabolism; Gastrointestinal Diseases - therapy; Hay fever; Homeostasis; Humans; Immune System; Immunomodulation; Infections; Inflammatory bowel disease; Intestine; Intestines - pathology; Intestines - physiology; Lymphatic system; Mammals; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Neoplasms - epidemiology; Neoplasms - etiology; Neoplasms - metabolism; Neoplasms - therapy; Peyer's Patches - immunology; Peyer's Patches - metabolism; photoimmunology; Probiotics; Probiotics - administration & dosage; Review; Siblings; Skin; Skin - immunology; Skin - metabolism; Skin - pathology; Skin diseases; Skin Diseases - etiology; Skin Diseases - metabolism; Skin Diseases - therapy; skin immune system; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Tumors; Ultraviolet radiation; Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061067

At the beginning, probiotics were used exclusively for gastrointestinal conditions. However, over the years, evidence has shown that probiotics exert systemic effects. In this review article, we will summarize recent reports that postulate probiotic treatment as an efficient one against skin pathologies, such as cancer, allergy, photoaging and skin infections. The focus will be restricted to oral probiotics that could potentially counteract the ultraviolet irradiation-induced skin alterations. Moreover, the possible underlying mechanisms by which probiotics can impact on the gut and exert their skin effects will be reviewed. Furthermore, how the local and systemic immune system is involved in the intestine-cutaneous crosstalk will be analyzed. In conclusion, this article will be divided into three core ideas: (a) probiotics regulate gut homeostasis; (b) gut and skin homeostasis are connected;