Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Unlocking New Possibilities for Treating Diminished Ovarian Reserve and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

Despite advancements in assisted reproductive technology (ART), achieving successful pregnancy rates remains challenging. Diminished ovarian reserve and premature ovarian insufficiency hinder IVF success-about 20% of in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients face a poor prognosis due to a low response,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-11, Vol.13 (12), p.2247
Main Authors: Martirosyan, Yana O, Silachev, Denis N, Nazarenko, Tatiana A, Birukova, Almina M, Vishnyakova, Polina A, Sukhikh, Gennadiy T
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Angiogenesis
Apoptosis
Cell therapy
Clinical practice guidelines
Estrogens
Exosomes
Extracellular vesicles
Fertility
Follicles
Iatrogenesis
In vitro fertilization
Infertility
Kinases
Medical treatment
Menstruation
mesenchymal stem cells
microvesicles
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Mutation
Ovaries
Paracrine signalling
premature ovarian insufficiency
Reproductive health
Reproductive technologies
Stem cells
Vesicles
Womens health
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Summary:Despite advancements in assisted reproductive technology (ART), achieving successful pregnancy rates remains challenging. Diminished ovarian reserve and premature ovarian insufficiency hinder IVF success-about 20% of in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients face a poor prognosis due to a low response, leading to higher cancellations and reduced birth rates. In an attempt to address the issue of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), we conducted systematic PubMed and Web of Science research, using keywords "stem cells", "extracellular vesicles", "premature ovarian insufficiency", "diminished ovarian reserve" and "exosomes". Amid the complex ovarian dynamics and challenges like POI, stem cell therapy and particularly the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a great potential is shown. EVs trigger paracrine mechanisms via microRNAs and bioactive molecules, suppressing apoptosis, stimulating angiogenesis and activating latent regenerative potential. Key microRNAs influence estrogen secretion, proliferation and apoptosis resistance. Extracellular vesicles present a lot of possibilities for treating infertility, and understanding their molecular mechanisms is crucial for maximizing EVs' therapeutic potential in addressing ovarian disorders and promoting reproductive health.
ISSN:2075-1729
2075-1729
DOI:10.3390/life13122247