Nutritional content and the activities of l-Dopa (L-3,4-dihydoxyphenyalanine) from Mucuna pruriens L. DC seeds of Central Java accession

• Published in: Arabian journal of chemistry 2023-01, Vol.16 (1), p.104390, Article 104390
• Main Authors: Rima, Ishmayana, Safri, Made Malini, Desak, Soedjanaatmadja, Ukun M.S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Parkinson; Antibacterial; Antioxidant; l-Dopa; M. pruriens (L.) DC
• ISSN: 1878-5352; 1878-5379
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104390

Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC (Velvet beans) is a tropical bean containing large amounts of l-Dopa (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and is the most important natural remedy for Parkinson’s disease. This plant has been used in Ayurveda medicine because it has a pharmacological activity, one of which is an antibacterial activity obtained from its seed extract. M. pruriens seeds fulfill the basic nutritional requirements, so they can be consumed. However, their utilization as food is limited due to the presence of some anti-nutritional factors. The objective of the research was to determine the nutritional content of seeds of M. pruriens Central Java accession by proximate analysis, isolation, and characterization of l-Dopa, determine the toxicity value ( LC50), against Artemia salina L. larvae by BSLT (brine shrimp lethality test), and determine its antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25,922 by agar disk diffusion method. The isolate of l-Dopa was prepared by maceration using methanol 80%, followed by extraction using water, then, the isolated product was analyzed by analytical TLC to determine the suitable mobile phase. The sample was then run on preparative TLC. The spot that corresponds to the l-Dopa standard was collected and further purified using adsorption column chromatography. Then, the isolate was characterized by HPLC and FTIR. The antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH radical method. Finally, anti-Parkinson's activity was determined to the rotenone-induced behavior of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) by the classic labyrinth test method. The result showed that the strongest antibacterial activity against S. mutans ATCC 35,668 was shown by crude extract. Based on the HPLC analysis, the isolated l-Dopa showed a retention time of 5.345 min that is relatively similar to the l-Dopa standard and had a high purity. l-Dopa content in M. pruriens seed of Central Java accession was 0.49 mg/g dry weight. The l-Dopa isolate from M. pruriens Central Java accession has antioxidant activity with IC50 of 8.92 ± 0.03 ppm (highly active) and could significantly reduce the non-motoric Parkinsonism symptoms (p