Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs: Novel Regulators of Macrophage-Linked Intercellular Communication in Lung Cancer and Inflammatory Lung Diseases

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-03, Vol.13 (3), p.536
• Main Authors: Lai, Xingning, Zhong, Jie, Zhang, Boyi, Zhu, Tao, Liao, Ren
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Asthma; Cancer therapies; Cell activation; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell Communication; Cell growth; Cell interaction; Cell interactions; Cell organelles; Cell proliferation; Cellular signal transduction; Chemotherapy; Communication; Development and progression; Drug resistance; exosomal ncRNAs; Exosomes; Fibroblasts; Fibrosis; Genes; Genetic aspects; Health aspects; Homeostasis; Humans; Immune response; Inflammation; Inflammatory diseases; inflammatory lung diseases; intercellular communication; Leukocyte migration; Ligands; Lung cancer; Lung diseases; Lung Neoplasms - pathology; macrophage; Macrophages; Macrophages - metabolism; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - metabolism; miRNA; Non-coding RNA; Pulmonary fibrosis; Radiation therapy; Review; RNA; RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics; RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism; RNA, Untranslated - genetics; RNA, Untranslated - metabolism; Tumor cells; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom13030536

Macrophages are innate immune cells and often classified as M1 macrophages (pro-inflammatory states) and M2 macrophages (anti-inflammatory states). Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles that range in diameter from 30 to 150 nm. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are abundant in exosomes and exosomal ncRNAs influence immune responses. Exosomal ncRNAs control macrophage-linked intercellular communication via their targets or signaling pathways, which can play positive or negative roles in lung cancer and inflammatory lung disorders, including acute lung injury (ALI), asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. In lung cancer, exosomal ncRNAs mediated intercellular communication between lung tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), coordinating cancer proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, immune evasion, and therapy resistance. In inflammatory lung illnesses, exosomal ncRNAs mediate macrophage activation and inflammation to promote or inhibit lung damage. Furthermore, we also discussed the possible applications of exosomal ncRNA-based therapies for lung disorders.