Baked Egg Oral Immunotherapy: Current State in Pediatric Age

Hen's egg allergy is one of the most common food allergies in the Western world, with an increase in recent years. It affects about 9.5% of the pediatric population, and the onset most often occurs before the first year of life. The occurrence of spontaneous oral tolerance acquisition varies am...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-09, Vol.16 (18), p.3203
Main Authors: Foti Randazzese, Simone, Caminiti, Lucia, La Rocca, Mariarosaria, Italia, Cristina, Toscano, Fabio, Galletta, Francesca, Crisafulli, Giuseppe, Manti, Sara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Age
Allergens
Allergens - immunology
Anaphylaxis
Animals
Antigenic determinants
baked egg
Child
Child, Preschool
children
Cooking
Desensitization, Immunologic - methods
Diagnostic tests
Diet
Eczema
Egg Hypersensitivity - immunology
Egg Hypersensitivity - therapy
Egg Proteins - immunology
Eggs
Emergency medical care
Female
Food allergies
Food allergy
Health aspects
hen’s egg allergy
Humans
Immune Tolerance
Immunotherapy
Infant
Microbiota
Omalizumab
oral immunotherapy
Pediatrics
Prevention
Proteins
Review
Skin
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Summary:Hen's egg allergy is one of the most common food allergies in the Western world, with an increase in recent years. It affects about 9.5% of the pediatric population, and the onset most often occurs before the first year of life. The occurrence of spontaneous oral tolerance acquisition varies among studies, but it is generally high by school age. Nowadays, allergen immunotherapy may represent the only therapeutic strategy able to modify the natural history of hen's egg allergy. Specifically, many children with hen's egg allergy may tolerate baked eggs. Food processing, specifically high temperatures, alters the allergenicity of hen's egg proteins by causing conformational changes in allergen epitopes, which makes them less allergenic. This review aims to discuss the scientific evidence in the field of baked egg oral immunotherapy in hen's egg-allergic children, with a meticulous examination of the pertinent literature surrounding the subject matter.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16183203