Clostridium perfringens -Opportunistic Foodborne Pathogen, Its Diversity and Epidemiological Significance

The species is associated with various environments, such as soils, sewage, and food. However, it is also a component of the gastrointestinal (GI) microflora (i.e., microbiota) of sick and healthy humans and animals. is linked with different systemic and enteric diseases in livestock and humans, suc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2023-05, Vol.12 (6), p.768
Main Authors: Grenda, Tomasz, Jarosz, Aleksandra, Sapała, Magdalena, Grenda, Anna, Patyra, Ewelina, Kwiatek, Krzysztof
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anaerobe
Anaerobic bacteria
Animal diseases
Antibiotic resistance
Autopsies
Clostridium
Clostridium perfringens
Diarrhea
Ecological niches
Enterocolitis
Epidemiology
Experiments
Food
Food contamination
Food poisoning
Foodborne diseases
Foodborne pathogens
Gangrene
Gas gangrene
Genetic diversity
infection
Lactose
Livestock
Medical research
Microflora
Microorganisms
Opportunist infection
Pathogens
Poisoning
Public health
Review
Sewage
Spores
Strains (organisms)
toxinotype
Toxins
Tuberculosis
Virulence
Virulence factors
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Summary:The species is associated with various environments, such as soils, sewage, and food. However, it is also a component of the gastrointestinal (GI) microflora (i.e., microbiota) of sick and healthy humans and animals. is linked with different systemic and enteric diseases in livestock and humans, such as gas gangrene, food poisoning, non-foodborne diarrhoea, and enterocolitis. The strains of this opportunistic pathogen are known to secrete over 20 identified toxins that are considered its principal virulence factors. belongs to the anaerobic bacteria community but can also survive in the presence of oxygen. The short time between generations, the multi-production capability of toxins and heat-resistant spores, the location of many virulence genes on mobile genetic elements, and the inhabitance of this opportunistic pathogen in different ecological niches make a very important microorganism for public health protection. The epidemiological evidence for the association of these strains with -meditated food poisoning and some cases of non-foodborne diseases is very clear and well-documented. However, the genetic diversity and physiology of should still be studied in order to confirm the importance of suspected novel virulence traits. A very significant problem is the growing antibiotic resistance of strains. The aim of this review is to show the current basic information about the toxins, epidemiology, and genetic and molecular diversity of this opportunistic pathogen.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens12060768