Bone Protective Effect of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds by Modulating Osteoblast Gene Expression

• Published in: Nutrients 2019-07, Vol.11 (8), p.1722
• Main Authors: Melguizo-Rodríguez, Lucía, Manzano-Moreno, Francisco Javier, Illescas-Montes, Rebeca, Ramos-Torrecillas, Javier, Luna-Bertos, Elvira de, Ruiz, Concepción, García-Martínez, Olga
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Activator protein 1; Adolescent; Biomedical materials; Bone Density Conservation Agents - isolation & purification; Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology; Bone loss; Bone morphogenetic protein 2; Bone morphogenetic protein 7; Bones; Caffeic acid; Calcium; Calcium ions; Cell culture; Cell Line; Coumaric acid; extra virgin olive oil; Ferulic acid; Flavonoids; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation; genetic profile; Growth factors; Humans; Kinases; Ligands; Male; MAP kinase; NF-κB protein; Oils & fats; Olive oil; Olive Oil - chemistry; osteoblast; Osteoblastogenesis; Osteoblasts; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Osteoblasts - metabolism; Osteoclastogenesis; Osteogenesis - drug effects; Osteogenesis - genetics; Osteoporosis; Osteoprotegerin; Ovariectomy; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phenols - isolation & purification; Phenols - pharmacology; Protein kinase; Proteins; TRANCE protein; Transforming growth factor-b1
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu11081722

The phenolic compounds of extra-virgin olive oil can act at various levels to protect individuals against cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and osteoporosis, among others. Polyphenols in extra-virgin olive oil can stimulate the proliferation of osteoblasts, modify their antigen profile, and promote alkaline phosphatase synthesis. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of different extra-virgin olive oil phenolic compounds on the gene expression of osteoblast-related markers. The cells of the MG63 osteoblast line were cultured for 24 h with 10 M of the phenolic compounds ferulic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, apigenin, or luteolin. The expression of studied markers was quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-RT-PCR). The expression by MG63 osteoblasts of growth and differentiation/maturation markers was modified after 24 h of treatment with 10 M of the phenolic compounds under study, most of which increased the gene expression of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), TGF-β receptor 1,2 and 3 (TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, TGF-βR3), bone morphogenetic protein 2 and 7 (BMP2, BMP7), run-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Osteocalcin (OSC), Osterix (OSX), Collagen type I (Col-I) and osteoprotegerin (OPN). The extra-virgin olive oil phenolic compounds may have a beneficial effect on bone by modulating osteoblast physiology, which would support their protective effect against bone pathologies.