Depressed left and right ventricular cardiac output in fetuses of diabetic mothers

Introduction We compared right and left ventricular cardiac output (RVCO and LVCO) in fetuses of diabetic mothers (FDM) with a large normal cohort. Methods We prospectively enrolled 264 normal fetuses and 30 FDM. Fetal CO parameters such as semilunar valve velocity time integrals (AVVTI, PVVTI), ven...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Echo research and practice 2018-03, Vol.5 (1), p.19-26
Main Authors: Winter, Jennifer, Kulkarni, Aparna, Craft, Mary, Li, Ling, Hornberger, Lisa K, Danford, David A, Kutty, Shelby
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
cardiac output
Diabetes
diabetes mellitus
fetus
Fetuses
Regression analysis
Ultrasonic imaging
Z scores
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Summary:Introduction We compared right and left ventricular cardiac output (RVCO and LVCO) in fetuses of diabetic mothers (FDM) with a large normal cohort. Methods We prospectively enrolled 264 normal fetuses and 30 FDM. Fetal CO parameters such as semilunar valve velocity time integrals (AVVTI, PVVTI), ventricular outflow diameters (LVOTD, RVOTD) and stroke volumes (AVSV, PVSV) were measured, and LVCO and RVCO were calculated. These were normalized using non-linear regression to estimated fetal weight (EFW) to provide means and standard deviations. Among FDMs, mean Z scores and 95% confidence limits (CL) were calculated and compared to zero. Results LVCO, RVCO and parameters they were calculated from, increased predictably and non-linearly with increasing EFW. In FDM, LVCO was depressed (mean Z −1.679, 95% CL −2.404, −0.955, P 
ISSN:2055-0464
2055-0464
DOI:10.1530/ERP-17-0063