Enterovirus-Rhinovirus-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Adults: A Case Report and Short Literature Review

Enteroviruses and rhinoviruses (EV-RV) are small RNA viruses that usually cause the common cold and asthma exacerbations. Although EV-RV-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is common in children, only scattered reports of ARDS in adults have been published. The diagnosis has been grea...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Case reports in infectious diseases 2023-11, Vol.2023, p.1-6
Main Authors: Avgoustou, Eirini, Spyridaki, Aikaterini, Pothitos, Giorgos, Papadopoulos, Antonios, Kois, Spyridon, Vassilara, Foula
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Asthma
Case Report
Case reports
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Development and progression
Diabetes
Dyspnea
Edema
Health aspects
Hypoxia
Immunocompetence
Infection
Influenza
Intubation
Mortality
Pathogens
Pediatrics
Pneumonia
Respiratory distress syndrome
Respiratory failure
Streptococcus infections
Type 2 diabetes
Vaccines
Ventilators
Viral infections
Viruses
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Summary:Enteroviruses and rhinoviruses (EV-RV) are small RNA viruses that usually cause the common cold and asthma exacerbations. Although EV-RV-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is common in children, only scattered reports of ARDS in adults have been published. The diagnosis has been greatly facilitated by the advent of molecular techniques, namely, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). EV-RV can cause ARDS by stimulating a cytokine cascade. No antiviral therapy has yet been approved, and treatment is entirely supportive. Herein, we report a rare case of EV-RV infection in an afebrile adult with dyspnea that rapidly progressed to acute lung injury and ARDS. EV-RV was isolated with multiple real-time PCR in nasopharyngeal and bronchial specimens, while no other pathogen was detected. We also present an up-to-date review of relevant literature, in an attempt to stress the importance of the early identification of viral culprits, which can minimize the use of invasive diagnostic procedures and antibiotic agents.
ISSN:2090-6625
2090-6633
DOI:10.1155/2023/8887955