Effects of Fasting on THP1 Macrophage Metabolism and Inflammatory Profile

Fasting can affect the body's inflammatory response, and this has been linked to potential health benefits, including improvements for people with rheumatic diseases. In this work, we evaluated, in vitro, how changes in nutrient availability alter the inflammatory response of macrophages. Macro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-08, Vol.25 (16), p.9029
Main Authors: Rius-Bonet, Julia, Macip, Salvador, Massip-Salcedo, Marta, Closa, Daniel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cytokines
Disease management
Fasting
Genotype & phenotype
Humans
inflammation
Inflammation - metabolism
Inflammation - pathology
Interleukin-1beta - metabolism
intermittent fasting
Kinases
macrophages
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - metabolism
Metabolism
Mitochondria - metabolism
Oxidation
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Rheumatic diseases
THP-1 Cells
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
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Summary:Fasting can affect the body's inflammatory response, and this has been linked to potential health benefits, including improvements for people with rheumatic diseases. In this work, we evaluated, in vitro, how changes in nutrient availability alter the inflammatory response of macrophages. Macrophage-differentiated THP1 cells were cultured, deprived of FCS or subjected to cycles of FCS deprivation and restoration to mimic intermittent fasting. Changes in the macrophage phenotype, the cells' response to inflammatory stimuli and the level of mitochondrial alteration were assessed. The results indicate that while periods of serum starvation are associated with a decrease in IL1β and TNFα expression, consistent with an anti-inflammatory response, intermittent serum starvation cycles promote a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Rapid changes in reducing capacity and mitochondrial response were also observed. Of note, while some changes, such as the production of oxygen free radicals, were reversed with refeeding, others, such as a decrease in reducing capacity, were maintained and even increased. This study shows that different fasting protocols can have diverging effects and highlights that time-limited nutrient changes can significantly affect macrophage functions in cell cultures. These findings help elucidate some of the mechanisms by which specific fasting dietary interventions could help control inflammatory diseases.
ISSN:1661-6596
1422-0067
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms25169029