The Novel Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Mycotoxin-Induced Toxicological Mechanisms

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungi and moulds that exert toxicological effects on animals including immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, and neurotoxicity. However, the toxicological mechanisms of mycotoxins are complex and unclear. The nucleotide...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary sciences 2024-07, Vol.11 (7), p.291
Main Authors: Liao, Chengshui, Xu, Fengru, Yu, Zuhua, Ding, Ke, Jia, Yanyan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
activation
Aflatoxin B1
Animal husbandry
Anti-inflammatory agents
Apoptosis
B cells
Caspase-1
Cell death
Chronic effects
Chronic illnesses
Deoxynivalenol
Development and progression
DNA methylation
Feeds
Food contamination & poisoning
Food safety
Genotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity
Immune system
Immunotoxicity
Infectious diseases
Inflammasomes
Inflammation
inhibitor
Literature reviews
Metabolism
Metabolites
Mitochondrial DNA
Molds (Fungi)
Mycotoxins
Neurotoxicity
NLRP3 inflammasome
Ochratoxin A
Oligomerization
Oligomers
Poisoning
Potassium
Proteins
Pyrin protein
Pyroptosis
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA polymerase
Secondary metabolites
Teratogenicity
Toxicity
Toxins
Zearalenone
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Summary:Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungi and moulds that exert toxicological effects on animals including immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, and neurotoxicity. However, the toxicological mechanisms of mycotoxins are complex and unclear. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multimeric cytosolic protein complex composed of the NLRP3 sensor, ASC adapter protein, and caspase-1 effector. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in innate immune defence and homeostatic maintenance. Recent studies have revealed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is linked to tissue damage and inflammation induced by mycotoxin exposure. Thus, this review summarises the latest advancements in research on the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of mycotoxin exposure. The effects of exposure to multiple mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin A, and fumonisim B1, on pyroptosis-related factors and inflammation-related factors in vitro and in vivo and the pharmacological inhibition of specific and nonspecific NLRP3 inhibitors are summarized and examined. This comprehensive review contributes to a better understanding of the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in toxicity induced by mycotoxin exposure and provides novel insights for pharmacologically targeting NLRP3 as a novel anti-inflammatory agent against mycotoxin exposure.
ISSN:2306-7381
2306-7381
DOI:10.3390/vetsci11070291