A Comparative Study of Different Sorbents in the Context of Direct Air Capture (DAC): Evaluation of Key Performance Indicators and Comparisons

Direct air capture can be based on an adsorption system, and the used sorbent (chemisorbents or physisorbents) influences process. In this work, two amine-functionalized sorbents, as chemisorbents, and three different metal organic frameworks, as physisorbents, are considered and compared in terms o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2022-03, Vol.12 (5), p.2618
Main Authors: Leonzio, Grazia, Fennell, Paul S., Shah, Nilay
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
amine-functionalized sorbents
Business metrics
Capital costs
Carbon dioxide
Carbon sequestration
Cellulose
Climate change
Comparative studies
DAC
Energy consumption
Estimates
Humidity
Indicators
key performance indicators
Mathematical models
Metal-organic frameworks
Porous materials
Sorbents
Zeolites
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Summary:Direct air capture can be based on an adsorption system, and the used sorbent (chemisorbents or physisorbents) influences process. In this work, two amine-functionalized sorbents, as chemisorbents, and three different metal organic frameworks, as physisorbents, are considered and compared in terms of some key performance indicators. This was carried out by developing a mathematical model describing the adsorption and desorption stages. An independent analysis was carried out in order to verify data reported in the literature. Results show that the equilibrium loading is a critical parameter for adsorption capacity, energy consumption, and cost. The considered metal organic frameworks are characterized by a lower equilibrium loading (10−4 mol/kg) compared to chemisorbents (10−1 mol/kg). For this reason, physisorbents have higher overall energy consumptions and costs, while capturing a lower amount of carbon dioxide. A reasonable agreement is found on the basis of the operating conditions of the Climeworks company, modelling the use of the same amine cellulose-based sorbent. The same order of magnitude is found for total costs (751 USD/tonneCO2 for our analysis, compared to the value of 600 USD/tonneCO2 proposed by this company).
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app12052618