Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on antiretroviral therapy

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) in HIV-infected children is a scarcely reported entity with previous reports describing fulminant course. The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in altering its course remains unknown. We describe a child with HIV infection, who develope...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of the Indian Academy of Neurology 2015-01, Vol.18 (1), p.96-98
Main Authors: Muthusamy, Karthik, Yoganathan, Sangeetha, Thomas, Maya Mary, Alexander, Mathew, Verghese, Valsan Philip
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Case Report
Case studies
Children & youth
Drug therapy
Early measles vaccination in HIV infected children
Electroencephalography
Encephalitis
HAART
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
HIV
HIV infections
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infections
Lentivirus
Measles
Mortality
Retroviridae
SSPE in HIV infected children
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
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Description
Summary:Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) in HIV-infected children is a scarcely reported entity with previous reports describing fulminant course. The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in altering its course remains unknown. We describe a child with HIV infection, who developed measles at 5 months of age and later developed SSPE at 14 years of age, remaining stable at 7 month follow-up, while on HAART for WHO (World Health Organisation) stage IV disease. The dynamics of HIV-related immunosuppression has an impact on the clinical course of SSPE. Contrary to reported cases of fulminant progression, a classic presentation with slow progression can be expected in children on HAART. We reemphasize the recommendation of "early measles vaccination" to prevent measles infection and subsequent SSPE in these children with an increasingly good life expectancy in the era of HAART.
ISSN:0972-2327
1998-3549
DOI:10.4103/0972-2327.144299