Protection against Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Afforded by Maternal Antibodies from Cows Immunized with an Inactivated Vaccine

The passive protection afforded by the colostrum from cattle that were vaccinated prepartum with an inactivated combination vaccine against the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was evaluated after an experimental challenge of calves. Pregnant cows without or with a low ELISA and neutralizin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccines (Basel) 2023-01, Vol.11 (1), p.141
Main Authors: Meyer, Gilles, Foret-Lucas, Charlotte, Delverdier, Maxence, Cuquemelle, Antoine, Secula, Aurélie, Cassard, Hervé
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal biology
Antibodies
BRD
Bronchus
BRSV
Calves
Cattle
Chemokines
Colostrum
Deactivation
Dyspnea
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Experiments
Immunization
Infections
Interleukin 9
Lavage
Life Sciences
maternal immunity
Pathogens
Respiratory syncytial virus
Respiratory tract
Serology
Transcriptomics
Vaccination
Vaccines
Veterinary medicine and animal Health
Viruses
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Summary:The passive protection afforded by the colostrum from cattle that were vaccinated prepartum with an inactivated combination vaccine against the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was evaluated after an experimental challenge of calves. Pregnant cows without or with a low ELISA and neutralizing BRSV antibody titers were twice vaccinated or not vaccinated, the last immunization being at one month prior to calving. Vaccination was followed by a rapid increase in BRSV antibody titers after the second immunization. Twenty-eightnewborn calves were fed during the 6 h following birth, with 4 L of colostrum sourced from vaccinated cows (14 vaccine calves) or non-vaccinated cows (14 control calves) and were challenged with BRSV at 21 days of age. We showed that maternal immunity to BRSV provides a significant reduction in the clinical signs of BRSV in calves, especially for severe clinical forms. This protection was correlated with reduced BRSV detection in the lower respiratory tract but not in nasal swabs, indicating an absence of protection against BRSV nasal excretion. Finally, transcriptomic assays in bronchoalveolar lavages showed no statistical differences between groups for chemokine and cytokine mRNA transcriptions, with the exception of the overexpression of at days 6 and 10 post-challenge, and a severe downregulation of at day 3 post-challenge, in the vaccine group.
ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines11010141