Seasonal Variability of the Biochemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Fucus spiralis at Two Azorean Islands

• Published in: Marine drugs 2018-07, Vol.16 (8), p.248
• Main Authors: Paiva, Lisete, Lima, Elisabete, Neto, Ana Isabel, Baptista, José
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetone; antioxidant activities; Antioxidant properties; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - analysis; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Aquatic Organisms - chemistry; Azores; Biochemical composition; Biological activity; brown algal phlorotannins; Carbohydrates; Carbohydrates - analysis; Chelation; Composition; Dietary fiber; Dietary Fiber - analysis; Dietary fibres; Dry weight; Energy value; Fatty acids; fatty acids profile; Ferrous ions; Flavonoids; Flavonoids - analysis; Free radicals; Fucus - chemistry; Fucus spiralis; Islands; Lipids; Lipids - analysis; marine functional foods; Methanol; phenolic and flavonoid contents; Phenols; Phenols - analysis; Plant Extracts - analysis; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Profiles; Properties; protein; Proteins; Proteins - analysis; Ratios; Seasonal variation; Seasonal variations; Seasons; Weight
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md16080248

This study evaluates, for the first time, the seasonal (winter and summer) and geographical (São Miguel⁻SMG and Santa Maria⁻SMA Islands) variability of (Fs) biochemical composition (dry weight basis) and antioxidant properties. Protein and carbohydrates presented higher values in Fs-SMG , lipids, total dietary fiber, and energy value in Fs-SMA , and ash and soluble dietary fiber/insoluble dietary fiber ratio in Fs-SMA . The fatty acid (FA) profiles showed a lower SFA in Fs-SMG , whereas MUFA and PUFA presented higher values in Fs-SMG and Fs-SMG , respectively. Excellent dietary ratios of 6/ 3 PUFA and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic FA were found, with lower values in Fs-SMA and higher in Fs-SMG , respectively. The highest total phenolics was found in Fs-SMA acetone:water extract and total flavonoids showed the higher value in Fs-SMG methanol extract. The best free radical-scavenging activity was observed in the Fs-SMA methanol (EC = 0.045 mg/mL) and acetone:water (EC = 0.059 mg/mL) extracts. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power showed the best results in Fs-SMA methanol extract (EC = 0.016 mg/mL) and Fs-SMA acetone:water extract (EC = 0.017 mg/mL). The best ferrous ion-chelating activity was found in Fs-SMG acetone:water extract. Overall, results revealed that nutritional and functional bioactivity values have geographical and seasonal variations and that its regular consumption may add benefits to human health.