Rapid Diagnosis of HIV-1 virus by Near Infrared Spectroscopy: based on Partial least squares regression

• Main Authors: He, Xiaohong, Song, Zhihong, Shang, Haifei, Yang, Silang, Wu, Lujing, Ma, Yan, Sun, Yu, Xia, Xuejiao, Wang, Quangui, Luo, Bei, Gu, Chaojiang
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antigens; Diagnosis; Diagnostic systems; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Infrared spectra; Infrared spectroscopy; Least squares method; Near infrared radiation; Nucleotide sequence; Polymerase chain reaction; Reverse transcription; Spectrum analysis; Viral infections
• ISSN: 2267-1242; 2555-0403; 2267-1242
• DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202127103067

Currently, the laboratory diagnostic tests available for HIV-1 viral infection are mainly based on serological testing which relies on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for blood HIV antigen detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for HIV specific RNA sequence identification. However, these methods are expensive and time-consuming, and suffer from false positive and/or false negative results. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing a cost effective, rapid and accurate diagnostic method for HIV-1 infection. In order to reduce the barriers for effective diagnosis, a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) method was used to detect the HIV-1 virus in human serum, specifically, three absorption peaks with dose-dependent at 1582nm, 1810nm and 2363nm were found by multiple FBiPLSR test analysis for HIV-nano and HIV-EGFP, but not for MLV. Therefore, we recommend the use of 1582nm, 1810nm and 2363nm as the characteristic spectrum peak, for early screening and rapid diagnosis of serum HIV.