Unidirectional Communications in Secure IoT Systems-A Survey

The security of Internet of Things (IoT) systems has consistently been a challenge, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure. One particular approach not yet employed in this domain is the unidirectional communication paradigm. This survey presents an analysis of the most prevalent uni...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-11, Vol.24 (23), p.7528
Main Authors: Gaina, Lucian, Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina, Stanescu, Daniela, Gusita, Bianca, Micea, Mihai Victor
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Access to information
Algorithms
Communication
critical infrastructure
data diodes
Data exchange
Data integrity
Diodes
Infrastructure
Internet
Internet of Things (IoT)
network pumps
Privacy
R&D
Research & development
Review
Safety and security measures
security
Security systems
unidirectional communications
Citations: Items that this one cites
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3148-52ac118d629f25827e91e332f7f36f2553520645d2fcf1ddad0fe5a4dcd4adc33
container_end_page
container_issue 23
container_start_page 7528
container_title Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
container_volume 24
creator Gaina, Lucian
Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina
Stanescu, Daniela
Gusita, Bianca
Micea, Mihai Victor
description The security of Internet of Things (IoT) systems has consistently been a challenge, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure. One particular approach not yet employed in this domain is the unidirectional communication paradigm. This survey presents an analysis of the most prevalent unidirectional communication solutions, namely, data diodes, network pumps, unidirectional gateways, and unidirectional protocols. The objective of the survey is to present an analysis of the unidirectional communication methods that meet the requirements of IoT security. These methods are classified according to their implementation and operational mode. The survey analyzes the unidirectional communication solutions based on their performance, the level of security offered, the cost-effectiveness, and their cost of implementation. Additionally, it includes an analysis of the existing off-the-shelf unidirectional communication implementations found in the industry. Furthermore, it identifies some of the most important current issues and development directions.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/s24237528
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>gale_doaj_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_309e6b4f53984a279da6f2ff2bb6adf8</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A819955284</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_309e6b4f53984a279da6f2ff2bb6adf8</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A819955284</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3148-52ac118d629f25827e91e332f7f36f2553520645d2fcf1ddad0fe5a4dcd4adc33</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkk1rGzEQhkVpadK0h_6BstBLe9hU3ytBIRjTD0OgBydnIUsjV2Z3lUq7Af_7ynFqkqKDpFeP3pmRBqH3BF8ypvGXQjllnaDqBTonnPJWUYpfPlmfoTel7DCmjDH1Gp0xLZXEUpyjr7dj9DGDm2Iabd8s0zDMY3T2sC9NHJs1uDlDs0o3zXpfJhhKu2jWc76H_Vv0Kti-wLvH-QLdfv92s_zZXv_6sVourlvHCFetoNYRorykOlChaAeaAGM0dIHJqggmKJZceBpcIN5bjwMIy73z3HrH2AVaHX19sjtzl-Ng894kG82DkPLW2DxF14NhWIPc8CCYVtzSTntbQ4RANxtpfVDV6-rodTdvBvAOxinb_pnp85Mx_jbbdG8IkZwzxavDp0eHnP7MUCYzxOKg7-0IaS6m1iw16QgRFf34H7pLc67v_EBx0uGOdJW6PFJbWyuIY0g1sKvDwxBdGiHEqi8U0VrUTz5k8Pl4weVUSoZwSp9gc-gIc-qIyn54Wu-J_NcC7C8Yaa9U</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3144170717</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Unidirectional Communications in Secure IoT Systems-A Survey</title><source>PubMed Central (Open Access)</source><source>Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</source><creator>Gaina, Lucian ; Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina ; Stanescu, Daniela ; Gusita, Bianca ; Micea, Mihai Victor</creator><creatorcontrib>Gaina, Lucian ; Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina ; Stanescu, Daniela ; Gusita, Bianca ; Micea, Mihai Victor</creatorcontrib><description>The security of Internet of Things (IoT) systems has consistently been a challenge, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure. One particular approach not yet employed in this domain is the unidirectional communication paradigm. This survey presents an analysis of the most prevalent unidirectional communication solutions, namely, data diodes, network pumps, unidirectional gateways, and unidirectional protocols. The objective of the survey is to present an analysis of the unidirectional communication methods that meet the requirements of IoT security. These methods are classified according to their implementation and operational mode. The survey analyzes the unidirectional communication solutions based on their performance, the level of security offered, the cost-effectiveness, and their cost of implementation. Additionally, it includes an analysis of the existing off-the-shelf unidirectional communication implementations found in the industry. Furthermore, it identifies some of the most important current issues and development directions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1424-8220</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1424-8220</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/s24237528</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39686065</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Access to information ; Algorithms ; Communication ; critical infrastructure ; data diodes ; Data exchange ; Data integrity ; Diodes ; Infrastructure ; Internet ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; network pumps ; Privacy ; R&amp;D ; Research &amp; development ; Review ; Safety and security measures ; security ; Security systems ; unidirectional communications</subject><ispartof>Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2024-11, Vol.24 (23), p.7528</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3148-52ac118d629f25827e91e332f7f36f2553520645d2fcf1ddad0fe5a4dcd4adc33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8224-2032 ; 0000-0002-6552-9226 ; 0009-0001-1415-3679 ; 0009-0004-8988-8620 ; 0009-0009-3603-2286</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3144170717/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3144170717?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39686065$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gaina, Lucian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stanescu, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gusita, Bianca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Micea, Mihai Victor</creatorcontrib><title>Unidirectional Communications in Secure IoT Systems-A Survey</title><title>Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</title><addtitle>Sensors (Basel)</addtitle><description>The security of Internet of Things (IoT) systems has consistently been a challenge, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure. One particular approach not yet employed in this domain is the unidirectional communication paradigm. This survey presents an analysis of the most prevalent unidirectional communication solutions, namely, data diodes, network pumps, unidirectional gateways, and unidirectional protocols. The objective of the survey is to present an analysis of the unidirectional communication methods that meet the requirements of IoT security. These methods are classified according to their implementation and operational mode. The survey analyzes the unidirectional communication solutions based on their performance, the level of security offered, the cost-effectiveness, and their cost of implementation. Additionally, it includes an analysis of the existing off-the-shelf unidirectional communication implementations found in the industry. Furthermore, it identifies some of the most important current issues and development directions.</description><subject>Access to information</subject><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Communication</subject><subject>critical infrastructure</subject><subject>data diodes</subject><subject>Data exchange</subject><subject>Data integrity</subject><subject>Diodes</subject><subject>Infrastructure</subject><subject>Internet</subject><subject>Internet of Things (IoT)</subject><subject>network pumps</subject><subject>Privacy</subject><subject>R&amp;D</subject><subject>Research &amp; development</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Safety and security measures</subject><subject>security</subject><subject>Security systems</subject><subject>unidirectional communications</subject><issn>1424-8220</issn><issn>1424-8220</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkk1rGzEQhkVpadK0h_6BstBLe9hU3ytBIRjTD0OgBydnIUsjV2Z3lUq7Af_7ynFqkqKDpFeP3pmRBqH3BF8ypvGXQjllnaDqBTonnPJWUYpfPlmfoTel7DCmjDH1Gp0xLZXEUpyjr7dj9DGDm2Iabd8s0zDMY3T2sC9NHJs1uDlDs0o3zXpfJhhKu2jWc76H_Vv0Kti-wLvH-QLdfv92s_zZXv_6sVourlvHCFetoNYRorykOlChaAeaAGM0dIHJqggmKJZceBpcIN5bjwMIy73z3HrH2AVaHX19sjtzl-Ng894kG82DkPLW2DxF14NhWIPc8CCYVtzSTntbQ4RANxtpfVDV6-rodTdvBvAOxinb_pnp85Mx_jbbdG8IkZwzxavDp0eHnP7MUCYzxOKg7-0IaS6m1iw16QgRFf34H7pLc67v_EBx0uGOdJW6PFJbWyuIY0g1sKvDwxBdGiHEqi8U0VrUTz5k8Pl4weVUSoZwSp9gc-gIc-qIyn54Wu-J_NcC7C8Yaa9U</recordid><startdate>20241125</startdate><enddate>20241125</enddate><creator>Gaina, Lucian</creator><creator>Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina</creator><creator>Stanescu, Daniela</creator><creator>Gusita, Bianca</creator><creator>Micea, Mihai Victor</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8224-2032</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6552-9226</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1415-3679</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8988-8620</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3603-2286</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241125</creationdate><title>Unidirectional Communications in Secure IoT Systems-A Survey</title><author>Gaina, Lucian ; Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina ; Stanescu, Daniela ; Gusita, Bianca ; Micea, Mihai Victor</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3148-52ac118d629f25827e91e332f7f36f2553520645d2fcf1ddad0fe5a4dcd4adc33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Access to information</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Communication</topic><topic>critical infrastructure</topic><topic>data diodes</topic><topic>Data exchange</topic><topic>Data integrity</topic><topic>Diodes</topic><topic>Infrastructure</topic><topic>Internet</topic><topic>Internet of Things (IoT)</topic><topic>network pumps</topic><topic>Privacy</topic><topic>R&amp;D</topic><topic>Research &amp; development</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Safety and security measures</topic><topic>security</topic><topic>Security systems</topic><topic>unidirectional communications</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gaina, Lucian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stanescu, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gusita, Bianca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Micea, Mihai Victor</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gaina, Lucian</au><au>Stangaciu, Cristina Sorina</au><au>Stanescu, Daniela</au><au>Gusita, Bianca</au><au>Micea, Mihai Victor</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Unidirectional Communications in Secure IoT Systems-A Survey</atitle><jtitle>Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)</jtitle><addtitle>Sensors (Basel)</addtitle><date>2024-11-25</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>7528</spage><pages>7528-</pages><issn>1424-8220</issn><eissn>1424-8220</eissn><abstract>The security of Internet of Things (IoT) systems has consistently been a challenge, particularly in the context of critical infrastructure. One particular approach not yet employed in this domain is the unidirectional communication paradigm. This survey presents an analysis of the most prevalent unidirectional communication solutions, namely, data diodes, network pumps, unidirectional gateways, and unidirectional protocols. The objective of the survey is to present an analysis of the unidirectional communication methods that meet the requirements of IoT security. These methods are classified according to their implementation and operational mode. The survey analyzes the unidirectional communication solutions based on their performance, the level of security offered, the cost-effectiveness, and their cost of implementation. Additionally, it includes an analysis of the existing off-the-shelf unidirectional communication implementations found in the industry. Furthermore, it identifies some of the most important current issues and development directions.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39686065</pmid><doi>10.3390/s24237528</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8224-2032</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6552-9226</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1415-3679</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8988-8620</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3603-2286</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1424-8220
ispartof Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2024-11, Vol.24 (23), p.7528
issn 1424-8220
1424-8220
language eng
recordid cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_309e6b4f53984a279da6f2ff2bb6adf8
source PubMed Central (Open Access); Publicly Available Content Database (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)
subjects Access to information
Algorithms
Communication
critical infrastructure
data diodes
Data exchange
Data integrity
Diodes
Infrastructure
Internet
Internet of Things (IoT)
network pumps
Privacy
R&D
Research & development
Review
Safety and security measures
security
Security systems
unidirectional communications
title Unidirectional Communications in Secure IoT Systems-A Survey
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-27T18%3A51%3A50IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Unidirectional%20Communications%20in%20Secure%20IoT%20Systems-A%20Survey&rft.jtitle=Sensors%20(Basel,%20Switzerland)&rft.au=Gaina,%20Lucian&rft.date=2024-11-25&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=7528&rft.pages=7528-&rft.issn=1424-8220&rft.eissn=1424-8220&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390/s24237528&rft_dat=%3Cgale_doaj_%3EA819955284%3C/gale_doaj_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3148-52ac118d629f25827e91e332f7f36f2553520645d2fcf1ddad0fe5a4dcd4adc33%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3144170717&rft_id=info:pmid/39686065&rft_galeid=A819955284&rfr_iscdi=true