Association between cognition and color discrimination among Lebanese patients with schizophrenia

Background Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) exhibit poorer color discrimination than normal individuals. Although retinal abnormalities, as well as cortical and subcortical alterations, found in patients with SCZ have been suggested to cause this poor color discrimination, the impact of cognitive i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC psychiatry 2022-09, Vol.22 (1), p.1-606, Article 606
Main Authors: Dahdouh, Oussama, Solh, Tala, Lahoud, Corinne, Haddad, Chadia, Hallit, Souheil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antipsychotics
Blindness
Care and treatment
Cocaine
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Cognitive appraisal
Cognitive function
Color blindness
Color discrimination
Color vision
Diagnosis
Family medical history
Mental disorders
Methods
Optics
Parkinson's disease
Patients
Photoreceptors
Prevention
Psychiatry
Psychological manifestations of general diseases
Psychotic symptoms
Psychotropic drugs
Questionnaires
Retina
Risk factors
Schizophrenia
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Summary:Background Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) exhibit poorer color discrimination than normal individuals. Although retinal abnormalities, as well as cortical and subcortical alterations, found in patients with SCZ have been suggested to cause this poor color discrimination, the impact of cognitive impairment remains to be determined. Dopamine (DA) and glutamate (Glu), known to be disrupted in SCZ, are also suggested to play a role in color discrimination. Our objective was to investigate the contribution of cognitive impairment to color discrimination deficits in SCZ and to examine if these deficits are correlated to SCZ symptoms. Methods This study includes 127 patients with SCZ between July and September 2021. The participants completed several questionnaires, specifically the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, and the Farnsworth D-15 test, to assess the extent of SCZ symptoms, cognition, and color discrimination respectively. Results Higher cognition (Beta = - 0.279) was significantly associated with a lower total error score (TES). Moreover, a higher positive PANSS score (Beta = 0.217) was significantly associated with a higher TES. A multinomial regression analysis taking the type of color blindness as the dependent variable showed that female sex (ORa = 5.46) was significantly associated with a certain type of color blindness. Conclusion Color discrimination deficits in patients with SCZ may be due to the effect of cognitive impairment and/or SCZ itself. Keywords: Color discrimination, Cognitive function, Psychotic symptoms, Schizophrenia
ISSN:1471-244X
1471-244X
DOI:10.1186/s12888-022-04245-y